Santangelo Carmela, Vari Rosariax, Scazzocchio Beatrice, De Sanctis Patrizia, Giovannini Claudio, D'Archivio Massimo, Masella Roberta
Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Center for Gender-specific Medicine, Viale Regina Elena 299; 00161 Rome, Italy.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets. 2018;18(1):36-50. doi: 10.2174/1871530317666171114114321.
Altered inflammatory response characterizes chronic immunemediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and psoriasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that regular consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO), the main source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, is associated with a reduced risk of developing chronic degenerative disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and cancer. The beneficial effects on health of EVOO have been attributed, besides to the monounsaturated fats content, to the presence of phenolic compounds that have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the effects of EVOO polyphenols on IMID highlighting the potential mechanisms of action.
Scientific papers were found by searching in PubMed up to May 2017 using the following key words: rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and psoriasis also in combination with EVOO, phenolic compounds, oleuropein, oleocantal, hydroxytyrosol,tyrosol and oleochantal.
In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that EVOO and its polyphenols can improve diseases symptoms in IMID, by acting both at local and systemic levels and by modulating several molecular pathways. Nevertheless, there are not sufficient data to achieve specific nutritional guidelines.
Further research is needed to evaluate the real contribution of EVOO and its phenolic compounds in modulating the IMID-associated inflammatory perturbations, in order to develop appropriate nutritional recommendations.
炎症反应改变是类风湿关节炎、炎症性肠病、多发性硬化症、系统性红斑狼疮和银屑病等慢性免疫介导性炎症疾病（IMID）的特征。越来越多的证据表明，经常食用特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO），即地中海饮食中的主要脂肪来源，与降低患心血管疾病、2型糖尿病和癌症等慢性退行性疾病的风险有关。除了单不饱和脂肪含量外，EVOO对健康的有益作用还归因于其含有的具有抗氧化、抗炎和免疫调节特性的酚类化合物。本综述的目的是概述EVOO多酚对IMID的影响，并突出其潜在的作用机制。
通过在PubMed中检索截至2017年5月的科学论文，使用以下关键词：类风湿关节炎、炎症性肠病、多发性硬化症、系统性红斑狼疮、银屑病，以及与EVOO、酚类化合物、橄榄苦苷、油橄榄苦素、羟基酪醇、酪醇和油橄榄苦醛的组合词。
体外和体内研究表明，EVOO及其多酚可以通过在局部和全身水平发挥作用并调节多种分子途径来改善IMID的疾病症状。然而，目前尚无足够的数据来制定具体的营养指南。
需要进一步研究以评估EVOO及其酚类化合物在调节与IMID相关的炎症紊乱中的实际作用，以便制定适当的营养建议。
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