Lakshmi Thangavelu, Ezhilarasan Devaraj, Nagaich Upendra, Vijayaragavan Rajagopal
Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Centre for Pharmaceutics, Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Pharmacogn Mag. 2017 Oct;13(Suppl 3):S405-S411. doi: 10.4103/pm.pm_458_16. Epub 2017 Oct 11.
Willd (), commonly known as catechu, cachou, and black cutch, has been studied for its hepatoprotective, antipyretic, antidiarrheal, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antinociceptive, antimicrobial, free radical scavenging, and antioxidant activities.
We evaluated the cytotoxic activity of ethanol extract of seed (ACS) against SCC-25 human oral squamous carcinoma cell line.
Cytotoxic effect of ACS extract was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, using concentrations of 0.1-1000 μg/mL for 24 h. ethanol seed extract was treated SCC-25 cells with 25 and 50 μg/mL. At the end of treatment period, apoptotic marker gene expressions such as caspase 8, 9, Bcl-2, Bax, and cytochrome c were evaluated by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Morphological changes of ACS treated SCC-25 cells was evaluated by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining. Nuclear morphology and DNA fragmentation was evaluated by propidium iodide (PI) staining.
ethanol seed extract treatment caused cytotoxicity in SCC-25 cells with an IC value of 100 μg/mL. Apoptotic markers caspases 8 and 9, cytochrome c, Bax gene expressions were significantly increased upon ACS extract treatment indicate the apoptosis induction in SCC-25 cells. This treatment also caused significant downregulation of Bcl-2 gene expression. Staining with AO/EB and PI shows membrane blebbing, and nuclear membrane distortion further confirms the apoptosis induction by ACS treatment in SCC-25 cells.
The ethanol seed extracts of was found to be cytotoxic at lower concentrations and induced apoptosis in human oral squamous carcinoma SCC-25 cells.
ethanolic seed extract contains phytochemicals such as epicatechin, rutin, and quercetin seed (ACS) extract significantly ( < 0.001) inhibits the active proliferation of human oral squamous carcinoma (SCC-25) cellsACS extract treatment to SCC-25 cells significantly modulated the gene expressions pertaining to apoptosis and propidium iodide and acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining also confirm the apoptosis inductionAntiproliferative and apoptosis inducing activities of ACS extract is correlated with phytochemical contents. ACS: seed extract; MTT: 3 (4,5 dimethylthiazol 2 yl) 2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; AO/EO: Acridine orange/ethidium bromide; LC MS: Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
儿茶，俗称儿茶、卡舒、黑儿茶，已对其肝脏保护、退热、止泻、降血糖、抗炎、免疫调节、抗伤害感受、抗菌、自由基清除和抗氧化活性进行了研究。
我们评估了儿茶种子乙醇提取物（ACS）对SCC - 25人口腔鳞状癌细胞系的细胞毒性活性。
采用3 -（4,5 - 二甲基噻唑 - 2 - 基）- 2,5 - 二苯基四氮唑溴盐法测定ACS提取物的细胞毒性作用，使用浓度为0.1 - 1000μg/mL作用24小时。用25和50μg/mL的儿茶乙醇种子提取物处理SCC - 25细胞。在处理期结束时，通过半定量逆转录 - 聚合酶链反应评估凋亡标记基因如半胱天冬酶8、9、Bcl - 2、Bax和细胞色素c的表达。通过吖啶橙/溴化乙锭（AO/EB）双重染色评估ACS处理的SCC - 25细胞的形态变化。通过碘化丙啶（PI）染色评估核形态和DNA片段化。
儿茶乙醇种子提取物处理导致SCC - 25细胞产生细胞毒性，IC值为100μg/mL。ACS提取物处理后，凋亡标记物半胱天冬酶8和9、细胞色素c、Bax基因表达显著增加，表明在SCC - 25细胞中诱导了凋亡。该处理还导致Bcl - 2基因表达显著下调。AO/EB和PI染色显示细胞膜起泡和核膜变形，进一步证实了ACS处理在SCC - 25细胞中诱导凋亡。
发现儿茶种子乙醇提取物在较低浓度下具有细胞毒性，并能诱导人口腔鳞状癌SCC - 25细胞凋亡。
儿茶乙醇种子提取物含有表儿茶素、芦丁和槲皮素等植物化学物质。儿茶种子（ACS）提取物显著（P < 0.001）抑制人口腔鳞状癌（SCC - 25）细胞的活性增殖。ACS提取物处理SCC - 25细胞显著调节了与凋亡相关的基因表达，碘化丙啶和吖啶橙/溴化乙锭染色也证实了凋亡诱导。ACS提取物的抗增殖和凋亡诱导活性与植物化学物质含量相关。ACS：儿茶种子提取物；MTT：3（4,5 - 二甲基噻唑 - 2 - 基）- 2,5 - 二苯基四氮唑溴盐；DMSO：二甲基亚砜；AO/EO：吖啶橙/溴化乙锭；LC - MS：液相色谱 - 质谱联用。
