1 ICF, Rockville, MD, USA.
2 National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2018 Aug;45(4):524-531. doi: 10.1177/1090198117741940. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
There is little research on how affective reactions (e.g., stress) to perceptions of nutritious food accessibility contribute to dietary behaviors.
This study explores whether stress associated with limited access to nutritious foods-termed nutrition resource stress (NRS)-contributes to diet outcomes, and whether these associations are mediated by health-related self-efficacy.
Using data from the cross-sectional National Cancer Institute's Health Information National Trends Survey, analyses were conducted to examine whether reported NRS was associated with specific dietary behaviors (i.e., fewer servings of fruit/vegetables; more servings of sugar-sweetened soda; N = 3,112).
Analyses revealed a main association such that NRS was negatively associated with fruit/vegetable consumption (β = -0.08, p = .016). There was a negative association between NRS and self-efficacy (β = -0.11, p < .001). There was no significant association between NRS and soda consumption. Mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect association between NRS and fruit/vegetable consumption, mediated by perceived health-related self-efficacy (β = -0.03, 95% confidence interval [-.04, -.01], p < .0001). Given that self-efficacy (the mediator) was not significantly associated with soda consumption (β = 0.01, p = .912), mediation analyses were not conducted for this outcome.
This study suggests that stress associated with perceptions of inability to access nutritious foods may influence dietary behaviors, and points to a psychological mechanism (i.e., self-efficacy) that may explain the association. In addition to improving objective barriers of access to healthy foods, future interventions might address ways of improving nutritious food-related self-efficacy or perceived stress related to obtaining healthy foods.
关于对营养食品可及性感知所产生的情感反应（例如压力）如何影响饮食行为的研究甚少。
本研究探讨了与获取营养食品受限相关的压力（称为营养资源压力，NRS）是否会对饮食结果产生影响，以及这些关联是否由与健康相关的自我效能感所介导。
利用来自横断面的美国国立癌症研究所健康信息全国趋势调查的数据，对报告的 NRS 是否与特定饮食行为（即，水果/蔬菜摄入量减少；含糖苏打水摄入量增加）相关进行了分析（N=3112）。
分析结果显示，NRS 与水果/蔬菜摄入量呈负相关（β=-0.08，p=0.016）。NRS 与自我效能感呈负相关（β=-0.11，p<0.001）。NRS 与苏打水摄入量之间没有显著关联。中介分析显示，NRS 与水果/蔬菜摄入量之间存在显著的间接关联，该关联由感知到的与健康相关的自我效能感所介导（β=-0.03，95%置信区间[-.04，-.01]，p<0.0001）。鉴于自我效能感（中介）与苏打水摄入量无显著关联（β=0.01，p=0.912），因此未对该结果进行中介分析。
本研究表明，与感知获取营养食品能力不足相关的压力可能会影响饮食行为，并指出了一种可能解释这种关联的心理机制（即自我效能感）。除了改善获取健康食品的客观障碍外，未来的干预措施可能还需要考虑改善与获取营养食品相关的自我效能感或与获取健康食品相关的感知压力的方法。
