Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2018 Jan;97:1212-1221. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.162. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
Traditionally, Citrullus lanatus is known to have protective properties in kidney diseases and for having the ability to clear urine. Current study aims to validate the traditional uses of C. lanatus by evaluation of anti-urolithiatic and diuretic activities using in vivo and in vitro experiments. Male Wistar rats were used for in vivo anti-urolithiatic and diuretic activities. Supersaturated solution of calcium and oxalate was used for in vitro crystallization study. Hematoxylin & eosin staining was used for histopathological evaluation of kidney. In the in vivo rat model of urolithiasis, the pulp extract reduced calcium oxalate (CaOX) crystal count in both kidney and urine. The pulp extract also increased the urinary pH and output, and prevented the weight loss. Serum analysis showed elevation in creatinine clearance and reduction in urea and creatinine levels. Urinary analysis demonstrated that pulp extract restored altered phosphate, calcium, oxalate, and citrate levels. In the in vivo rat model of diuresis; the pulp extract produced diuresis, reduced serum chloride levels, and elevated urinary sodium and chloride levels. In the in vitro crystallization experiment, pulp extract inhibited the aggregation phase. Seed extract failed to show any convincing results. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of steroids and alkanes as the major constituents of pulp extract, which might be responsible for anti-urolithiatic activity; however, further studies are required for isolation and identification of active constituents. Current study validated the traditional uses of watermelon and demonstrated that pulp extract possessed significant anti-urolithiatic and diuretic activities.
传统上，人们知道甜瓜具有保护肾脏疾病的特性，并具有清除尿液的能力。本研究旨在通过体内和体外实验评估抗结石和利尿活性来验证甜瓜的传统用途。雄性 Wistar 大鼠用于体内抗结石和利尿活性研究。使用过饱和的钙和草酸溶液进行体外结晶研究。使用苏木精和曙红染色进行肾脏的组织病理学评估。在肾结石的体内大鼠模型中，果肉提取物减少了肾脏和尿液中的草酸钙（CaOX）晶体计数。果肉提取物还增加了尿 pH 值和尿量，并防止了体重减轻。血清分析显示肌酐清除率升高，尿素和肌酐水平降低。尿液分析表明果肉提取物恢复了改变的磷酸盐、钙、草酸和柠檬酸盐水平。在体内利尿大鼠模型中，果肉提取物产生利尿作用，降低血清氯水平，增加尿钠和氯水平。在体外结晶实验中，果肉提取物抑制了聚集阶段。种子提取物未能显示出任何令人信服的结果。GC-MS 分析显示果肉提取物中存在类固醇和烷烃作为主要成分，这可能是其具有抗结石活性的原因；然而，需要进一步研究以分离和鉴定活性成分。本研究验证了西瓜的传统用途，并表明果肉提取物具有显著的抗结石和利尿活性。
