Mahne Nika, Fontaine Olivier, Thotiyl Musthafa Ottakam, Wilkening Martin, Freunberger Stefan A
Institute for Chemistry and Technology of Materials , Graz University of Technology , Stremayrgasse 9 , 8010 Graz , Austria . Email:
Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier , UMR 5253, CC 1701 , Université Montpellier , Place Eugène Bataillon , 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5 , France.
Chem Sci. 2017 Oct 1;8(10):6716-6729. doi: 10.1039/c7sc02519j. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
Rechargeable Li-O batteries have amongst the highest formal energy and could store significantly more energy than other rechargeable batteries in practice if at least a large part of their promise could be realized. Realization, however, still faces many challenges than can only be overcome by fundamental understanding of the processes taking place. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the chemistry of the Li-O cathode and provide a perspective on dominant research needs. We put particular emphasis on issues that are often grossly misunderstood: realistic performance metrics and their reporting as well as identifying reversibility and quantitative measures to do so. Parasitic reactions are the prime obstacle for reversible cell operation and have recently been identified to be predominantly caused by singlet oxygen and not by reduced oxygen species as thought before. We discuss the far reaching implications of this finding on electrolyte and cathode stability, electrocatalysis, and future research needs.
可充电锂氧电池具有极高的理论能量，并且在实际应用中，如果至少能实现其大部分预期，那么它能够比其他可充电电池存储更多的能量。然而，要实现这一点仍面临诸多挑战，只有通过对发生的过程有深入的理解才能克服这些挑战。在此，我们回顾了在理解锂氧正极化学方面的最新进展，并对主要的研究需求提出了观点。我们特别强调那些常常被严重误解的问题：现实的性能指标及其报告，以及识别可逆性和进行量化测量的方法。寄生反应是电池可逆运行的主要障碍，最近已确定其主要由单线态氧引起，而非之前认为的由还原态氧物种导致。我们讨论了这一发现对电解质和正极稳定性、电催化以及未来研究需求的深远影响。
