Daryabeygi-Khotbehsara Reza, Golzarand Mahdieh, Ghaffari Mohammad Payam, Djafarian Kurosh
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Business Management, Islamic Azad University, Science & Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Complement Ther Med. 2017 Dec;35:6-13. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2017.08.016. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE(S): Global prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is very high and is currently growing alarmingly. With respect to recent researchers' attention to the potential role of herbal medicine in disease prevention and management, the present meta-analysis review investigates the effectiveness of Nigella sativa (N. sativa), a popular herb, in T2D.
Literature search was conducted covering PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane Registry of Clinical Trials up to February 2017 to obtain the relevant published intervention studies. Study selection, quality rating and data extraction of studies were investigated by two independent reviewers. Heterogeneity was assessed using I-squared (I) statistics test. Subgroup analysis was done to assess type of N. sativa supplement as source of heterogeneity. Effect sizes of eligible studies were pooled using STATA software version 12 (STATA corp, College Station, TX, USA).
Seven trials were included in the meta-analysis of glycemic and serum lipid profile end points. Supplementation with N. sativa significantly improved fasting blood sugar (FBS) [-17.84mg/dl, 95% CI: -21.19 to -14.49, p<0.001], HbA1c [-0.71%, 95% CI: -1.04 to -0.39, p<0.001], total-cholesterol (TC) [WMD: -22.99mg/dl, 95% CI: -32.16 to -13.83, p<0.001] and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c) [-22.38mg/dl, 95% CI: -33.60 to -11.15, p<0.001]. The overall effects for triglyceride (TG) [-6.80mg/dl, 95% CI: -33.59 to 19.99, p=0.61] and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c) [0.37mg/dl, 95% CI: -1.59 to 2.33, p=0.71] were insignificant. Subgroup analysis revealed significant reduction on TG with N. sativa seed oil [-14.8mg/dl, 95% CI: -23.1 to -6.5, p<0.001], while TG was increased with seed powder [29.4mg/dl, 95% CI: 16.9-42.0, p<0.001]. All measures, but HbA1c, showed no evidence of publication bias.
Although, the meta-analysis conducted included a few number of studies, but has shown promising results on the effectiveness of N. sativa on glucose homeostasis and serum lipids. Current findings suggest N. sativa supplementation a suitable choice in managing the complications of T2D, although future researches are necessary.
全球2型糖尿病（T2D）患病率极高且目前正以惊人的速度增长。鉴于近期研究人员对草药在疾病预防和管理中的潜在作用的关注，本荟萃分析综述调查了一种常见草药黑种草（Nigella sativa）在T2D中的有效性。
截至2017年2月，在PubMed/Medline、Scopus和Cochrane临床试验注册库中进行文献检索，以获取相关的已发表干预研究。由两名独立审阅者对研究进行筛选、质量评级和数据提取。使用I²统计检验评估异质性。进行亚组分析以评估黑种草补充剂类型作为异质性来源。使用STATA软件12版（美国德克萨斯州大学站的STATA公司）汇总符合条件研究的效应量。
七项试验纳入了血糖和血脂谱终点的荟萃分析。补充黑种草显著改善了空腹血糖（FBS）[-17.84mg/dl，95%置信区间：-21.19至-14.49，p<0.001]、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）[-0.71%，95%置信区间：-1.04至-0.39，p<0.001]、总胆固醇（TC）[加权均数差：-22.99mg/dl，95%置信区间：-32.16至-13.83，p<0.001]和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）[-22.38mg/dl，95%置信区间：-33.60至-11.15，p<0.001]。甘油三酯（TG）[-6.80mg/dl，95%置信区间：-33.59至19.99，p=0.61]和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）[0.37mg/dl，95%置信区间：-1.59至2.33，p=0.71]的总体效应不显著。亚组分析显示，黑种草籽油可显著降低TG [-14.8mg/dl，95%置信区间：-23.1至-6.5，p<0.001]，而种子粉则使TG升高[29.4mg/dl，95%置信区间：16.9 - 42.0，p<0.001]。除HbA1c外，所有指标均未显示出发表偏倚的证据。
尽管所进行的荟萃分析纳入的研究数量较少，但已显示出黑种草对葡萄糖稳态和血脂有效性的有前景的结果。目前的研究结果表明，补充黑种草是管理T2D并发症的合适选择，尽管未来仍需进一步研究。
