Sport and Exercise Science, University of Sydney Faculty of Health Sciences, Lidcombe, Australia.
Sport and Exercise Science, Western Sydney University School of Science and Health, Penrith, Australia.
Int J Sports Med. 2017 Dec;38(14):1049-1060. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-114861. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
This review aims to evaluate the current body of literature investigating the effect of whole body cryotherapy on recovery after exercise. A systematic search was conducted to investigate the effect of whole body cryotherapy (WBC, exposure to temperatures between -110 to -190°C) on markers of recovery after damaging exercise in healthy, physically active subjects. Of the 16 eligible articles extracted, ten induced muscle damage using controlled exercise in a laboratory setting, while six induced damage during sport-specific training. Results indicated that muscle pain was reduced in 80% of studies following WBC. Two applied studies found recovery of athletic capacity and performance with WBC improved, variables of this nature were also improved in 71% of studies using controlled exercise. Further benefits of WBC treatment included reduction of systemic inflammation and lower concentrations of markers for muscle cell damage. These results suggest that WBC may improve recovery from muscle damage, with multiple exposures more consistently exhibiting improvements in recovery from pain, loss of muscle function, and markers of inflammation and damage. The diversity in muscle damage protocols, exposure timing with regards to exercise, as well as temperatures, duration and frequencies of exposure, make specific recommendations preliminary at present.
本综述旨在评估当前关于全身冷冻疗法对运动后恢复影响的文献。通过系统检索，研究了全身冷冻疗法（WBC，暴露于-110 至-190°C 的温度下）对健康、活跃的受试者在受损运动后恢复标志物的影响。从 16 篇合格的文章中提取出 10 篇文章，这些文章在实验室环境中使用控制运动来诱导肌肉损伤，而 6 篇文章在特定运动训练中诱导损伤。结果表明，80%的 WBC 后肌肉疼痛减轻。两项应用研究发现，WBC 改善了运动能力和表现的恢复，71%的使用控制运动的研究也改善了这种性质的变量。WBC 治疗的进一步益处包括减少全身炎症和降低肌肉细胞损伤标志物的浓度。这些结果表明，WBC 可能改善肌肉损伤的恢复，多次暴露更一致地改善疼痛、肌肉功能丧失以及炎症和损伤标志物的恢复。目前，由于肌肉损伤方案、与运动相关的暴露时间以及温度、暴露持续时间和频率的多样性，特定建议还处于初步阶段。
