Berge Jerica M, Tate Allan, Trofholz Amanda, Fertig Angela R, Miner Michael, Crow Scott, Neumark-Sztainer Dianne
Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health and
Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health and.
Pediatrics. 2017 Dec;140(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-2295.
Research suggests that stress and depressed mood are associated with food-related parenting practices (ie, parent feeding practices, types of food served at meals). However, current measures of parental stress, depressed mood, and food-related parenting practices are typically survey-based and assessed as static/unchanging characteristics, failing to account for fluctuations across time and context. Identifying momentary factors that influence parent food-related parenting practices will facilitate the development of effective interventions aimed at promoting healthy food-related parenting practices. In this study, we used ecological momentary assessment to examine the association between momentary factors (eg, stress, depressed mood) occurring early in the day and food-related parenting practices at the evening meal.
Children aged 5 to 7 years and their families ( = 150) from 6 racial and/or ethnic groups ( = 25 each African American, Hispanic/Latino, Hmong, American Indian, Somali, and white families) were recruited for this mixed-methods study through primary care clinics.
Higher stress and depressed mood earlier in the day predicted pressure-to-eat feeding practices and fewer homemade foods served at meals the same night. Effect modification was found for certain racial and/or ethnic groups with regard to engaging in pressure-to-eat feeding practices (ie, America Indian, Somali) or serving fewer homemade meals (ie, African American, Hispanic/Latino) in the face of high stress or depressed mood.
Clinicians may want to consider discussing with parents the influence stress and depressed mood can have on everyday food-related parenting practices. Additionally, future researchers should consider using real-time interventions to reduce parental stress and depressed mood to promote healthy parent food-related parenting practices.
研究表明，压力和抑郁情绪与与食物相关的养育方式（即父母的喂养方式、每餐提供的食物种类）有关。然而，目前对父母压力、抑郁情绪和与食物相关的养育方式的测量通常基于调查，并被评估为静态/不变的特征，未能考虑到随时间和情境的波动。识别影响父母与食物相关养育方式的瞬间因素将有助于制定有效的干预措施，以促进健康的与食物相关的养育方式。在本研究中，我们使用生态瞬间评估来检验当天早些时候出现的瞬间因素（如压力、抑郁情绪）与晚餐时与食物相关的养育方式之间的关联。
通过初级保健诊所招募了来自6个种族和/或族裔群体（每个群体25个家庭，分别为非裔美国人、西班牙裔/拉丁裔、苗族、美洲印第安人、索马里人和白人家庭）的5至7岁儿童及其家庭（n = 150）参与这项混合方法研究。
当天早些时候较高的压力和抑郁情绪预示着强迫进食的喂养方式以及当晚用餐时自制食物的减少。在面对高压力或抑郁情绪时，某些种族和/或族裔群体（即美洲印第安人、索马里人）在采用强迫进食的喂养方式或提供较少自制餐食（即非裔美国人、西班牙裔/拉丁裔）方面存在效应修正。
临床医生可能需要考虑与家长讨论压力和抑郁情绪对日常与食物相关的养育方式的影响。此外，未来研究人员应考虑使用实时干预措施来减轻父母的压力和抑郁情绪，以促进健康的与食物相关的养育方式。
