载脂蛋白 E 基因多态性可调节成年人在心血管疾病中等风险条件下，用单不饱和脂肪酸替代饮食中饱和脂肪酸后空腹总胆固醇浓度的变化。
Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphism modifies fasting total cholesterol concentrations in response to replacement of dietary saturated with monounsaturated fatty acids in adults at moderate cardiovascular disease risk.
机构信息
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 226, Reading, RG6 6AP, UK.
Food and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Home Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
出版信息
Lipids Health Dis. 2017 Nov 23;16(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s12944-017-0606-3.
BACKGROUND
Consumption of ≤10% total energy from fat as saturated fatty acids (SFA) is recommended for cardiovascular disease risk reduction in the UK; however there is no clear guidance on the optimum replacement nutrient. Lipid-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been shown to modify the lipid responses to dietary fat interventions. Hence, we performed a retrospective analysis in 120 participants from the Dietary Intervention and VAScular function (DIVAS) study to investigate whether lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) SNPs modify the fasting lipid response to replacement of SFA with monounsaturated (MUFA) or n-6 polyunsaturated (PUFA) fatty acids.
METHODS
The DIVAS study was a randomized, single-blinded, parallel dietary intervention study performed in adults with a moderate cardiovascular risk who received one of three isoenergetic diets rich in SFA, MUFA or n-6 PUFA for 16 weeks.
RESULTS
After the 16-week intervention, a significant diet-gene interaction was observed for changes in fasting total cholesterol (P = 0.001). For the APOE SNP rs1064725, only TT homozygotes showed a significant reduction in total cholesterol after the MUFA diet (n = 33; -0.71 ± 1.88 mmol/l) compared to the SFA (n = 38; 0.34 ± 0.55 mmol/l) or n-6 PUFA diets (n = 37; -0.08 ± 0.73 mmol/l) (P = 0.004). None of the interactions were statistically significant for the other SNPs.
CONCLUSIONS
In summary, our findings have demonstrated a greater sensitivity of the APOE SNP rs1064725 to dietary fat composition, with a total cholesterol lowering effect observed following substitution of SFA with MUFA but not n-6 PUFA. Further large intervention studies incorporating prospective genotyping are required to confirm or refute our findings.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01478958.
背景
在英国，为降低心血管疾病风险，建议将总脂肪摄入量中 ≤10%的脂肪作为饱和脂肪酸（SFA）。然而，对于最佳替代营养素，目前尚无明确的指导意见。脂质相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）已被证明可以改变饮食脂肪干预后的脂质反应。因此，我们对来自膳食干预和血管功能（DIVAS）研究的 120 名参与者进行了回顾性分析，以研究脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）和载脂蛋白 E（APOE）SNP 是否会改变用单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）或 n-6 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）代替 SFA 对空腹血脂的反应。
方法
DIVAS 研究是一项在具有中度心血管风险的成年人中进行的随机、单盲、平行膳食干预研究，参与者接受了三种富含 SFA、MUFA 或 n-6 PUFA 的等热量饮食，为期 16 周。
结果
在 16 周的干预后，观察到空腹总胆固醇的饮食-基因交互作用有显著差异（P=0.001）。对于 APOE SNP rs1064725，只有 TT 纯合子在 MUFA 饮食后（n=33；-0.71±1.88mmol/l）与 SFA 饮食（n=38；0.34±0.55mmol/l）或 n-6 PUFA 饮食（n=37；-0.08±0.73mmol/l）相比，总胆固醇显著降低（P=0.004）。其他 SNP 均未显示出统计学意义上的交互作用。
结论
综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，APOE SNP rs1064725 对膳食脂肪组成更敏感，用 MUFA 替代 SFA 可降低总胆固醇，但用 n-6 PUFA 替代 SFA 则不然。需要进一步进行包含前瞻性基因分型的大型干预研究来证实或反驳我们的发现。
试验注册
该试验在 www.clinicaltrials.gov 上注册，编号为 NCT01478958。
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