Yalın Sapmaz Şermin, Uzel Tanrıverdi Bengisu, Öztürk Masum, Gözaçanlar Özge, Yörük Ülker Gülsüm, Özkan Yekta
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017 Nov 10;13:2813-2821. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S150592. eCollection 2017.
This study assessed early-onset psychiatric disorders and factors related to these disorders in a group of refugee children after immigration due to war.
This study was conducted between January 2016 and June 2016. Clinical interviews were conducted with 89 children and their families, and were performed by native speakers of Arabic and Persian who had been primarily educated in these languages and were living in Turkey. A strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) that had Arabic and Persian validity and reliability was applied to both children and their families. Independent variables for cases with and without a psychiatric disorder were analyzed using the test for categorical variables, Student's -test for those that were normally distributed, and Mann-Whitney -test for data that were not normally distributed. Data that showed significant differences between groups who had a psychiatric disorder and on common effects in emerging psychiatric disorders were analyzed through binary logistic regression analysis.
A total of 89 children and adolescents were interviewed within the scope of the study. The mean age of cases was 9.96±3.98 years, and 56.2% (n=50) were girls, while 43.8% (n=39) were boys. Among these children, 47 (52.8%) had come from Syria, 27 (30.3%) from Iraq, 14 (15.7%) from Afghanistan, and 1 (1.1%) from Iran. A psychiatric disorder was found in 44 (49.4%) of the children. A total of 26 children were diagnosed with anxiety disorders, 12 with depressive disorders, 8 with trauma and related disorders, 5 with elimination disorders, 4 with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and 3 with intellectual disabilities. It was determined that seeing a dead or injured person during war/emigration and the father's unemployment increased the risk of psychopathology. The OR was 7.077 (95% CI 1.722-29.087) for having seen a dead or injured individual and 4.51 (95% GA 1.668-12.199) for father's employment status.
Within the context of war and emigration, these children try to cope with the negative circumstances they experience prior to migration, as well as the despair they see their parents experience.
本研究评估了一群因战争而移民的难民儿童中的早发性精神障碍以及与这些障碍相关的因素。
本研究于2016年1月至2016年6月进行。对89名儿童及其家庭进行了临床访谈，访谈由母语为阿拉伯语和波斯语、主要接受过这两种语言教育且居住在土耳其的人员进行。对儿童及其家庭均应用了具有阿拉伯语和波斯语效度及信度的优势与困难问卷（SDQ）。对于有精神障碍和无精神障碍的病例，使用分类变量检验分析自变量，对于正态分布的变量使用学生t检验，对于非正态分布的数据使用曼-惠特尼U检验。通过二元逻辑回归分析对在有精神障碍的组之间显示出显著差异以及在新发精神障碍中的常见影响的数据进行分析。
在研究范围内共访谈了89名儿童和青少年。病例的平均年龄为9.96±3.98岁，56.2%（n = 50）为女孩，43.8%（n = 39）为男孩。在这些儿童中，47名（52.8%）来自叙利亚，27名（30.3%）来自伊拉克，14名（15.7%）来自阿富汗，1名（1.1%）来自伊朗。在44名（49.4%）儿童中发现了精神障碍。共有26名儿童被诊断为焦虑症，12名患有抑郁症，8名患有创伤及相关障碍，5名患有排泄障碍，4名患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍，3名患有智力残疾。已确定在战争/移民期间看到死亡或受伤人员以及父亲失业会增加精神病理学风险。看到死亡或受伤人员的比值比为7.077（95%置信区间1.722 - 29.087），父亲就业状况的比值比为4.51（95%广义置信区间1.668 - 12.199）。
在战争和移民的背景下，这些儿童试图应对他们在移民前经历的负面情况以及他们看到父母所经历的绝望。
