Yeshaw Yigizie, Mossie Andualem
Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2017 Nov 8;13:2803-2812. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S150444. eCollection 2017.
Worldwide, approximately 450 million people suffer from mental disorders. Of these, approximately 150 million are affected with depression. Depression, anxiety, and stress have an impact on productivity, motivation to work, sleep behavior of the individual, and outcome of different chronic diseases. However, till date, there are no studies which evaluated mental health problems among university staff in Ethiopia. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, and their associated factors among Jimma University staff.
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 354 staff of Jimma University from March 24 to April 24, 2016. Stratified simple random sampling technique was used. Pretested interviewer-administered Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0 software.
The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in this study was found to be approximately 22.9%, 19.2%, and 28.2%, respectively. Being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =2.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.22-4.77), no job satisfaction (AOR =10.59, 95% CI =4.88-22.98), presence of conflict with colleagues (AOR =2.33, 95% CI =1.21-4.49), and khat chewing (AOR =4.99, 95% CI =2.57-9.69) were associated with depression. Presence of conflict with colleagues (AOR =2.46, 95% CI =1.25-4.85), no job satisfaction (AOR =7.12, 95% CI =3.29-15.45), and khat chewing (AOR =2.94, 95% CI =1.52-5.66) were associated with anxiety. Being widowed (AOR =7.46, 95% CI =1.11-50.15), female (AOR =2.72, 95% CI =1.40-5.28), no job satisfaction (AOR =6.69, 95% CI =3.46-12.97), khat chewing (AOR =2.78, 95% CI =1.49-5.21), and presence of conflict with colleagues (AOR =2.93, 95% CI =1.57-5.46) were associated with stress.
The burden of depression, anxiety, and stress among Jimma University staff was found to be high. Being female, widowed, or khat chewer or having a history of conflict with colleagues and no job satisfaction were predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress. Therefore, it is recommended to design preventive strategies to reduce the risk of these problems and to minimize the disease burden.
在全球范围内，约有4.5亿人患有精神障碍。其中，约1.5亿人受抑郁症影响。抑郁、焦虑和压力会影响个人的生产力、工作积极性、睡眠行为以及不同慢性病的病情转归。然而，迄今为止，尚无针对埃塞俄比亚大学教职工心理健康问题的研究。因此，在本研究中，我们旨在评估吉姆马大学教职工中抑郁症、焦虑症、压力及其相关因素的患病率。
2016年3月24日至4月24日，对吉姆马大学的354名教职工开展了一项基于机构的横断面研究。采用分层简单随机抽样技术。使用经过预测试的、由访谈员实施的抑郁、焦虑和压力量表（DASS - 21）问卷收集数据。数据使用SPSS 20.0软件进行分析。
本研究中抑郁症、焦虑症和压力的患病率分别约为22.9%、19.2%和28.2%。女性（调整优势比[AOR]=2.43，95%置信区间[CI]=1.22 - 4.77）、工作不满意（AOR =10.59，95% CI =4.88 - 22.98）、与同事发生冲突（AOR =2.33，95% CI =1.21 - 4.49）以及咀嚼巧茶（AOR =4.99，95% CI =2.57 - 9.69）与抑郁症相关。与同事发生冲突（AOR =2.46，95% CI =1.25 - 4.85）、工作不满意（AOR =7.12，95% CI =3.29 - 15.45）以及咀嚼巧茶（AOR =2.94，95% CI =1.52 - 5.66）与焦虑症相关。丧偶（AOR =7.46，95% CI =1.11 - 50.15）、女性（AOR =2.72，95% CI =1.40 - 5.28）、工作不满意（AOR =6.69，95% CI =3.46 - 12.97）、咀嚼巧茶（AOR =2.78，95% CI =1.49 - 5.21）以及与同事发生冲突（AOR =2.93，95% CI =1.57 - 5.46）与压力相关。
发现吉姆马大学教职工中抑郁症、焦虑症和压力的负担较重。女性、丧偶、咀嚼巧茶者或有与同事发生冲突及工作不满意的经历是抑郁症、焦虑症和压力的预测因素。因此，建议制定预防策略以降低这些问题的风险并减轻疾病负担。
