Mossie Andualem, Kindu Dagmawi, Negash Alemayehu
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Ethiopia.
College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Ethiopia.
Depress Res Treat. 2016;2016:3460462. doi: 10.1155/2016/3460462. Epub 2016 Mar 16.
Background. Depression is a significant contributor to the global burden of disease and affects 350 million people worldwide. Substance use could be the risk factor for depression. Objective. We aim to determine the prevalence and severity of depression and its association with substance use. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 650 respondents in Jimma town in March 2014. A multistage stratified sampling method was conducted. Structured questionnaire and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI-II) scale were used for data collection. Data analysis was done using the SPSS Version 20.0 for Windows. Results. The participation rate of respondents was 590/650 (90.77%). The proportion of females was 300 (50.9%). The current prevalence of depression was 171 (29.0%). Based on the BDI-II grading of the severity of depression, 102 (59.6%) had mild, 56 (32.7%) had moderate, 13 (7.6%) had severe depression. In the present study, age of 55 years and above [OR = 5.94, CI: 2.26-15.58], being widowed [OR = 5.18, CI: 1.18-22.76], illiterates [OR = 9.06, CI: 2.96-27.75], khat chewing [OR = 10.07, CI: 5.57-18.25], cigarette smoking [OR = 3.15, CI: 1.51-6.58], and shisha usage [OR = 3.04, CI: 1.01-9.19] were significantly and independently associated with depression. Conclusion. The finding depicted that depression was a moderate public health problem. Advanced age, being widowed, illiterate, khat chewing, and cigarette and shisha smocking could be the potential risk factors for depression. Risk reduction is recommended.
背景。抑郁症是全球疾病负担的一个重要因素，全球有3.5亿人受其影响。物质使用可能是抑郁症的风险因素。目的。我们旨在确定抑郁症的患病率和严重程度及其与物质使用的关联。方法。2014年3月对吉马镇650名受访者进行了一项横断面研究。采用多阶段分层抽样方法。使用结构化问卷和贝克抑郁量表（BDI-II）进行数据收集。使用适用于Windows的SPSS 20.0版本进行数据分析。结果。受访者的参与率为590/650（90.77%）。女性比例为300人（50.9%）。当前抑郁症患病率为171人（29.0%）。根据BDI-II对抑郁症严重程度的分级，102人（59.6%）为轻度，56人（32.7%）为中度，13人（7.6%）为重度抑郁症。在本研究中，55岁及以上年龄[比值比（OR）=5.94，置信区间（CI）：2.26 - 15.58]、丧偶[OR = 5.18，CI：1.18 - 22.76]、文盲[OR = 9.06，CI：2.96 - 27.75]、咀嚼巧茶[OR = 10.07，CI：5.57 - 18.25]、吸烟[OR = 3.15，CI：1.51 - 6.58]和使用水烟[OR = 3.04，CI：1.01 - 9.19]与抑郁症显著且独立相关。结论。研究结果表明抑郁症是一个中度的公共卫生问题。高龄、丧偶、文盲、咀嚼巧茶以及吸烟和使用水烟可能是抑郁症的潜在风险因素。建议降低风险。
