Schwaber Eric J, Fogelman Nia, Sobol Ethan K, Mehrotra Devi, Powell Jonathan A, Mian Umar, Gritz David C
a Tufts University School of Medicine , Boston , MA , USA.
b Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science and Department of Epidemiology and Population Science , Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine , Bronx , NY.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2018 Jun;25(3):220-226. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2017.1406530. Epub 2017 Nov 30.
Retinal vascular occlusions can lead to sudden and permanent visual impairment or blindness. Few epidemiological studies on retinal vascular occlusions have been conducted, especially on diverse populations.
This is a retrospective case-control study of all incident retinal vascular occlusions occurring during a three and one-half year study period at Montefiore Medical Center, capturing all potential cases by diagnosis codes. Patients with retinal venous occlusions (RVO) and retinal arterial occlusions (RAO) were analyzed separately and compared to age-matched control groups.
All potential charts (n = 700) were reviewed, confirming 214 RVO and 35 RAO incident cases. In multivariable analyses, RVO was associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR 2.41, p < 0.001), history of cerebrovascular accident (OR 2.14, p = 0.011), hypertension (OR 1.83, p = 0.004), glaucoma (OR 6.91, p < 0.001), black race (OR 3.72, p < 0.001), and male gender (OR 2.19 p < 0.001). RAO was significantly associated with current and former smoking combined (OR 8.95, p = 0.021) and male gender (OR 2.56, p = 0.038).
Cardiovascular risk factors and glaucoma are reaffirmed as significant predictors of retinal vascular occlusions in a diverse patient population. Retinal vascular occlusions are more common in certain races and ethnicities, and further study into this may help identify high-risk individuals based on demographics.
视网膜血管阻塞可导致突然且永久性的视力损害或失明。关于视网膜血管阻塞的流行病学研究较少，尤其是针对不同人群的研究。
这是一项回顾性病例对照研究，研究对象为蒙特菲奥里医疗中心在三年半研究期间发生的所有视网膜血管阻塞新发病例，通过诊断编码获取所有潜在病例。对视网膜静脉阻塞（RVO）和视网膜动脉阻塞（RAO）患者分别进行分析，并与年龄匹配的对照组进行比较。
共审查了所有潜在病历（n = 700），确认了214例RVO新发病例和35例RAO新发病例。在多变量分析中，RVO与2型糖尿病（OR 2.41，p < 0.001）、脑血管意外病史（OR 2.14，p = 0.011）、高血压（OR 1.83，p = 0.004）、青光眼（OR 6.91，p < 0.001）、黑人种族（OR 3.72，p < 0.001）和男性性别（OR 2.19，p < 0.001）相关。RAO与当前吸烟和既往吸烟合并（OR 8.95，p = 0.021）以及男性性别（OR 2.56，p = 0.038）显著相关。
心血管危险因素和青光眼再次被确认为不同患者群体视网膜血管阻塞的重要预测因素。视网膜血管阻塞在某些种族和族裔中更为常见，对此进行进一步研究可能有助于根据人口统计学特征识别高危个体。
