Chu C C, Kizil Z
Department of Textiles and Apparel, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-4401.
Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1989 Mar;168(3):233-8.
The bending stiffness of 22 commercial suture materials of varying size, chemical structure and physical form was quantitatively evaluated using a stiffness tester (Taber V-5, model 150B, Teledyne). The commercial sutures were Chromic catgut; Dexon (polyglycolic acid); Vicryl (polyglactin 910); PDS (polydioxanone); Maxon (polyglycolide-trimethylene carbonate); Silk (coated with silicone); Mersilene (polyester fiber); Tycron (polyester fiber); Ethibond (polyethylene terephthalate coated with polybutylene); Nurolon (nylon 66); Surgilon (nylon 66 coated with silicone); Ethilon (coated nylon 66), Prolene (polypropylene); Dermalene (polyethylene), and Gore-tex (polytetraflouroethylene). These are both natural and synthetic, absorbable and nonabsorbable and monofilament and multifilament sutures. All of these sutures were size 2-0, but Prolene sutures with sizes ranging from 1-0 to 9-0 were also tested to determine the effect of suture size on stiffness. The bending stiffness data obtained showed that a wide range of bending stiffness was observed among the 22 commercial sutures. The most flexible 2-0 suture was Gore-tex, followed by Dexon, Silk, Surgilon, Vicryl (uncoated), Tycron, Nurolon, Mersilene, Ethibond, Maxon, PDS, Ethilon, Prolene, Chromic catgut, coated Vicryl, and lastly, Dermalene. The large porous volume inherent in Gore-tex monofilament suture was the reason for its lowest flexural stiffness. Sutures with a braided structure were generally more flexible than those of a monofilament structure, irrespective of the chemical constituents. Coated sutures had significantly higher stiffness than the corresponding uncoated ones. This is particularly true when polymers rather than wax were used as the coating material. This increase in stiffness is attributable to the loss of mobility under bending force in the fibers and yarns that make up the sutures. An increase in the size of the suture significantly increased the stiffness, and the magnitude of increase depended on the chemical constituent of the suture. The flexural stiffness of sutures was also found to depend on the duration of bending in the test for stiffness. In general, monofilament sutures exhibited the largest time-dependent stiffness. This was most pronounced with the Gore-tex suture. Most braided sutures also showed less time-dependence in stiffness. Nylon sutures did not exhibit this time-dependent phenomenon regardless of physical form.
使用硬度测试仪（泰伯V-5型，150B型号，Teledyne公司）对22种不同尺寸、化学结构和物理形态的商用缝合材料的弯曲刚度进行了定量评估。这些商用缝合线包括：铬制肠线；德克松（聚乙醇酸）；薇乔（聚乳酸910）；PDS（聚二氧六环酮）；马克松（聚乙醇酸-三亚甲基碳酸酯）；丝线（涂有硅酮）；梅丝纶（聚酯纤维）；泰克隆（聚酯纤维）；爱西邦（涂有聚丁烯的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯）；纽罗纶（尼龙66）；舒吉龙（涂有硅酮的尼龙66）；伊西纶（涂覆尼龙66），普理灵（聚丙烯）；德玛琳（聚乙烯），以及戈尔泰克斯（聚四氟乙烯）。这些缝合线既有天然的也有合成的，有可吸收的和不可吸收的，还有单丝和多丝的。所有这些缝合线的尺寸均为2-0，但也测试了尺寸范围从1-0到9-0的普理灵缝合线，以确定缝合线尺寸对硬度的影响。所获得的弯曲刚度数据表明，在这22种商用缝合线中观察到了广泛的弯曲刚度范围。最柔韧的2-0缝合线是戈尔泰克斯，其次是德克松、丝线、舒吉龙、薇乔（未涂层）、泰克隆、纽罗纶、梅丝纶、爱西邦、马克松、PDS、伊西纶、普理灵、铬制肠线、涂层薇乔，最后是德玛琳。戈尔泰克斯单丝缝合线固有的大孔隙体积是其弯曲刚度最低的原因。无论化学成分如何，具有编织结构的缝合线通常比单丝结构的缝合线更柔韧。涂层缝合线的刚度明显高于相应的未涂层缝合线。当使用聚合物而不是蜡作为涂层材料时尤其如此。这种刚度的增加归因于构成缝合线的纤维和纱线在弯曲力作用下流动性的丧失。缝合线尺寸的增加显著提高了刚度，增加的幅度取决于缝合线的化学成分。还发现缝合线的弯曲刚度取决于硬度测试中的弯曲持续时间。一般来说，单丝缝合线表现出最大的时间依赖性刚度。这在戈尔泰克斯缝合线中最为明显。大多数编织缝合线在刚度方面也表现出较小的时间依赖性。无论物理形态如何，尼龙缝合线都没有表现出这种时间依赖性现象。
