Volkov Denis L, Lee Sang-Ki, Landerer Felix W, Lumpkin Rick
Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Miami, Florida, USA.
Geophys Res Lett. 2017 Jan 28;44(2):927-936. doi: 10.1002/2016GL071661. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
The persistent energy imbalance at the top of the atmosphere, inferred from satellite measurements, indicates that the Earth's climate system continues to accumulate excess heat. As only sparse and irregular measurements of ocean heat below 2000 m depth exist, one of the most challenging questions in global climate change studies is whether the excess heat has already penetrated into the deep ocean. Here we perform a comprehensive analysis of satellite and in situ measurements to report that a significant deep-ocean warming occurred in the subtropical South Pacific Ocean over the past decade (2005-2014). The local accumulation of heat accounted for up to a quarter of the global ocean heat increase, with directly and indirectly inferred deep ocean (below 2000 m) contribution of 2.4 ± 1.4 and 6.1-10.1 ± 4.4%, respectively. We further demonstrate that this heat accumulation is consistent with a decade-long intensification of the subtropical convergence, possibly linked to the persistent La Niña-like state.
根据卫星测量推断，大气顶层持续存在的能量失衡表明，地球气候系统仍在不断积累过剩热量。由于仅存在对2000米深度以下海洋热量的稀疏且不规则测量，全球气候变化研究中最具挑战性的问题之一是过剩热量是否已渗透到深海。在此，我们对卫星和实地测量进行了全面分析，报告称在过去十年（2005 - 2014年），亚热带南太平洋发生了显著的深海变暖。当地热量积累占全球海洋热量增加的四分之一，直接和间接推断的深海（2000米以下）贡献分别为2.4±1.4%和6.1 - 10.1±4.4%。我们进一步证明，这种热量积累与亚热带辐合带长达十年的强化一致，这可能与持续的类拉尼娜状态有关。
