Ewald D Rose, Bond Sarah Howle, Haldeman Lauren A
The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA.
Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Glob Pediatr Health. 2017 Nov 24;4:2333794X17741819. doi: 10.1177/2333794X17741819. eCollection 2017.
Disadvantaged adolescents are at higher risk for undiagnosed and untreated obesity and hypertension. Using nurse-measured weight, height, and blood pressure (BP) as well as self-reported age and activity/lifestyle behaviors, we assessed the prevalence of obesity and hypertension in 573 adolescent patients aged 13.0 to 17.9 years (females: n = 267, 46.6%; males: n = 306, 53.4%) from a clinic serving low-income, ethnically diverse pediatric patients. Body mass index distribution was as follows: 11, underweight (1.9%); 330, healthy weight (57.6%); 105, overweight (18.3%); and 127, obese (22.2%). The age-adjusted height percentile was normally distributed, but distribution by BP category was 326 normotensive (56.9%), 147 prehypertensive (25.7%), 60 with stage 1 hypertension (10.5%), and 40 with stage 2 hypertension (7.0%). Activity and lifestyle behaviors did not adequately explain obesity and hypertension rates. Efforts to prevent/reduce childhood overweight, obesity, and hypertension in underserved populations need to include dietary education, weight control interventions, and physical activity programs specifically tailored to overweight/obese youth and parents.
弱势青少年未被诊断和未得到治疗的肥胖症和高血压风险更高。我们利用护士测量的体重、身高和血压（BP）以及自我报告的年龄和活动/生活方式行为，对一家为低收入、种族多样的儿科患者服务的诊所中573名年龄在13.0至17.9岁之间的青少年患者（女性：n = 267，46.6%；男性：n = 306，53.4%）的肥胖症和高血压患病率进行了评估。体重指数分布如下：11人体重过轻（1.9%）；330人健康体重（57.6%）；105人超重（18.3%）；127人肥胖（22.2%）。年龄调整后的身高百分位数呈正态分布，但按血压类别分布为326人血压正常（56.9%），147人高血压前期（25.7%），60人患有1期高血压（10.5%），40人患有2期高血压（7.0%）。活动和生活方式行为并不能充分解释肥胖症和高血压的发生率。在服务不足人群中预防/减少儿童超重、肥胖症和高血压的努力需要包括饮食教育、体重控制干预措施以及专门为超重/肥胖青少年及其父母量身定制的体育活动计划。
