莫桑比克的高血压：2005 年至 2015 年期间的趋势。

Hypertension in Mozambique: trends between 2005 and 2015.

机构信息

Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Moçambique.

EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, Porto.

出版信息

J Hypertens. 2018 Apr;36(4):779-784. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001618.

DOI:10.1097/HJH.0000000000001618

PMID:29210894

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the current prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of arterial hypertension in Mozambican population, including adolescents and young adults, and to appraise their trends over the past decade, for the 25-64 years old population.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the population aged 15-64 years (n = 2965) was conducted in 2014-2015, following the Stepwise Approach to Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. Data from a survey conducted in 2005 using the same methodological approach was used to assess trends in the age group of 25-64 years.

RESULTS

The prevalence of hypertension increased significantly, from 33.1 to 38.9% (P = 0.048), whereas awareness (2005 vs. 2014-2015: 14.8 vs. 14.5%, P = 0.914) and treatment among the aware (2005 vs. 2014-2015: 51.9 vs. 50.1%, P = 0.770) remained similar. Control among the treated increased (from 39.9 to 44.5%, P = 0.587), although not significantly. Mean blood pressure values increased (SBP: from 132.1 to 134.6 mmHg, P = 0.089; DBP: from 78.2 to 82.5 mmHg, P < 0.001). Among participants aged 15-24 years, in 2014-2015 the prevalence of hypertension was 13.1% (95% confidence interval: 9.8-16.4).

CONCLUSION

Our findings show that the prevalence of hypertension in Mozambique is among the highest in developing countries, both in adults and adolescents, portraying an ample margin for reduction of the morbidity and mortality burden because of high blood pressure.

摘要

目的

评估莫桑比克人口（包括青少年和年轻人）中动脉高血压的当前患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率，并评估过去十年的趋势，研究对象为 25-64 岁人群。

方法

2014-2015 年，采用慢性病危险因素逐步监测的横断面研究方法，对年龄在 15-64 岁的人群进行了代表性抽样调查（n=2965）。使用相同方法学方法于 2005 年进行的一项调查的数据用于评估 25-64 岁年龄组的趋势。

结果

高血压的患病率显著增加，从 33.1%升至 38.9%（P=0.048），而知晓率（2005 年与 2014-2015 年：14.8%与 14.5%，P=0.914）和知晓患者的治疗率（2005 年与 2014-2015 年：51.9%与 50.1%，P=0.770）保持相似。治疗患者的控制率有所增加（从 39.9%升至 44.5%，P=0.587），尽管无统计学意义。平均血压值升高（SBP：从 132.1 升至 134.6mmHg，P=0.089；DBP：从 78.2 升至 82.5mmHg，P<0.001）。在 2014-2015 年年龄在 15-24 岁的参与者中，高血压的患病率为 13.1%（95%置信区间：9.8-16.4）。