Enjo-Barreiro José Ramón, Fontes Filipa, Tualufo Sheila, Silva-Matos Carla, Damasceno Albertino, Lunet Nuno
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Cad Saude Publica. 2025 Feb 7;40(12):e00029024. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN029024. eCollection 2025.
Within-country differences in the prevalence of tobacco consumption may be expected in Mozambique, as determinants of tobacco use vary considerably countrywide. We compared the daily use of smoked and smokeless tobacco in 2005 and 2014/2015 across Mozambican regions. Two surveys were conducted in Mozambique, in 2005 and 2014/2015, with representative samples of the adult population, following the World Health Organization's STEPwise Approach to NCD Risk Factor Surveillance. Prevalence estimates were computed for daily use of different types of tobacco, stratified by regions. Data from the 2014/2015 survey were compared to those from the 2005 survey, after direct age-standardization. During the 10-year period, a significant reduction was observed in the prevalence of daily tobacco smoking among women in the Northern and men in the Southern provinces, due to the decrease in the consumption of hand-rolled cigarettes among Northern women (from 9.6% to 2.3%), and manufactured cigarettes among Southern men (from 23.7% to 11.8%). In Center and Northern regions, nonsignificant increases were observed in the consumption of manufactured cigarettes among men. The consumption of smokeless tobacco among Southern women decreased (from 3.1% to 1%). There was a decrease in the daily consumption of hand-rolled cigarettes among women in the North and of manufactured cigarettes among men in the South, as well as a potential trend towards residual smokeless tobacco consumption. However, the results suggest increases in the daily consumption of manufactured cigarettes among men in the Center and Northern regions.
莫桑比克国内烟草消费流行率可能存在差异，因为全国范围内烟草使用的决定因素差异很大。我们比较了2005年和2014/2015年莫桑比克各地区 smoked 和无烟烟草的每日使用情况。2005年和2014/2015年在莫桑比克进行了两次调查，按照世界卫生组织的非传染性疾病风险因素监测逐步方法，对成年人口进行了代表性抽样。计算了按地区分层的不同类型烟草每日使用的流行率估计值。在直接年龄标准化后，将2014/2015年调查的数据与2005年调查的数据进行了比较。在这10年期间，观察到北部省份女性和南部省份男性的每日吸烟流行率显著下降，这是由于北部女性手卷烟消费减少（从9.6%降至2.3%），以及南部男性机制卷烟消费减少（从23.7%降至11.8%）。在中部和北部地区，男性机制卷烟消费出现了不显著的增加。南部女性无烟烟草消费减少（从3.1%降至1%）。北部女性手卷烟的每日消费量和南部男性机制卷烟的每日消费量均有所下降，以及无烟烟草消费存在潜在的残留趋势。然而，结果表明中部和北部地区男性机制卷烟的每日消费量有所增加。
