Areza-Fegyveres Renata, Kairalla Ronaldo A, Carvalho Carlos R R, Nitrini Ricardo
Neurologist, collaborating researcher of the Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Unit, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School.
Assistant Professor, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2010 Jan-Mar;4(1):14-22. doi: 10.1590/S1980-57642010DN40100003.
Lung disease with chronic hypoxia has been associated with cognitive impairment of the subcortical type.
To review the cognitive effects of chronic hypoxia in patients with lung disease and its pathophysiology in brain metabolism.
A literature search of Pubmed data was performed. The words and expressions from the text subitems including "pathophysiology of brain hypoxia", "neuropsychology and hypoxia", "white matter injury and chronic hypoxia", for instance, were key words in a search of reports spanning from 1957 to 2009. Original articles were included.
According to national and international literature, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sleep obstructive apnea syndrome perform worse on tests of attention, executive functions and mental speed. The severity of pulmonary disease correlates with degree of cognitive impairment. These findings support the diagnosis of subcortical type encephalopathy.
Cognitive effects of clinical diseases are given limited importance in congresses and symposia about cognitive impairment and its etiology. Professionals that deal with patients presenting cognitive loss should be aware of the etiologies outlined above as a major cause or potential contributory factors, and of their implications for treatment adherence and quality of life.
慢性缺氧所致肺部疾病与皮质下型认知障碍有关。
综述肺部疾病患者慢性缺氧的认知影响及其脑代谢的病理生理学。
对PubMed数据进行文献检索。以“脑缺氧的病理生理学”、“神经心理学与缺氧”、“白质损伤与慢性缺氧”等文本子项中的词汇和表述为关键词，检索1957年至2009年的报告。纳入原始文章。
根据国内外文献，慢性阻塞性肺疾病和睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者在注意力、执行功能和心理速度测试中的表现较差。肺部疾病的严重程度与认知障碍程度相关。这些发现支持皮质下型脑病的诊断。
在关于认知障碍及其病因的大会和研讨会上，临床疾病的认知影响未得到足够重视。处理认知功能丧失患者的专业人员应意识到上述病因是主要原因或潜在促成因素，以及它们对治疗依从性和生活质量的影响。
