Yoon Mi Young, Yoon Sang Sun
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yonsei Med J. 2018 Jan;59(1):4-12. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.1.4.
The intestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem consisting of various microorganisms that expands human genetic repertoire and therefore affects human health and disease. The metabolic processes and signal transduction pathways of the host and intestinal microorganisms are intimately linked, and abnormal progression of each process leads to changes in the intestinal environment. Alterations in microbial communities lead to changes in functional structures based on the metabolites produced in the gut, and these environmental changes result in various bacterial infections and chronic enteric inflammatory diseases. Here, we illustrate how antibiotics are associated with an increased risk of antibiotic-associated diseases by driving intestinal environment changes that favor the proliferation and virulence of pathogens. Understanding the pathogenesis caused by antibiotics would be a crucial key to the treatment of antibiotic-associated diseases by mitigating changes in the intestinal environment and restoring it to its original state.
肠道微生物群是一个由多种微生物组成的复杂生态系统，它扩展了人类的基因库，因此影响人类健康和疾病。宿主与肠道微生物的代谢过程和信号转导途径紧密相连，每个过程的异常进展都会导致肠道环境的变化。微生物群落的改变会基于肠道中产生的代谢产物导致功能结构的变化，而这些环境变化会引发各种细菌感染和慢性肠道炎症性疾病。在此，我们阐述了抗生素如何通过促使肠道环境变化，有利于病原体的增殖和毒力，从而增加抗生素相关疾病的风险。了解抗生素引起的发病机制将是通过减轻肠道环境变化并将其恢复到原始状态来治疗抗生素相关疾病的关键。
