Huang Chien-Ning, Wang Chau-Jong, Lin Chih-Li, Lin Hui-Ting, Peng Chiung-Huei
Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Institute of Medicine, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
PLoS One. 2017 Dec 7;12(12):e0189065. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189065. eCollection 2017.
Abelmoschus esculentus (AE), a commonly consumed vegetable, is well-known for its anti-hyperglycemic effects. However, few scientific reports have identified its targets because mucilage increases the difficulty of manipulation. We recently reported extraction steps to obtain subfractions of AE, which were found to attenuate the adverse effects of high glucose and fatty acid in vitro. In this study, we used modified extraction steps and type 2 diabetic rats to explore whether AE subfractions can improve the metabolic disturbances caused by insulin resistance in vivo. AE subfractions (F1, F2, and FR) were prepared. The type 2 diabetes model was induced by feeding male Sprague-Dawley rats with a high-fat diet and injecting them with 35 mg/kgbw streptozotocin when their body weight reached 475 ± 15 g. After a hyperglycemic status had been confirmed, the rats were tube-fed with or without different doses of AE subfractions. Serum glucose, lipid markers, insulin, HbA1c and HOMA-IR were measured in the following 12 weeks. Serum glucose promptly increased and insulin resistance was noted in the diabetic rats (glucose: 360-500 mg/dl, HOMA-IR 9.8-13.8). F2, rich in polysaccharides and carbohydrates, was most effective in attenuating hyperglycemia and insulin resistance (glucose: 200 mg/dl; HOMA-IR: 5.3) and especially HbA1C (from 8.0% to 6.5%). All of the AE subfractions lowered the level of triglycerides and free fatty acid, but not the level of total cholesterol. FR significantly increased the high-density lipoprotein/low-density lipoprotein ratio, indicating its benefits for lipoprotein profiles. While F2 and FR were associated with weight gain, F1 possessed an anti-obese effect. In conclusion, whether it is consumed as a vegetable or as a nutraceutical, AE has the potential to be an adjuvant therapy for diabetes. AE subfractions could be developed individually and deserve further investigation.
黄秋葵（AE）是一种常见的食用蔬菜，以其降血糖作用而闻名。然而，由于黏液质增加了操作难度，很少有科学报告确定其作用靶点。我们最近报道了获取AE亚组分的提取步骤，发现这些亚组分在体外可减轻高糖和脂肪酸的不良影响。在本研究中，我们采用改良的提取步骤并使用2型糖尿病大鼠来探究AE亚组分是否能改善体内胰岛素抵抗引起的代谢紊乱。制备了AE亚组分（F1、F2和FR）。通过给雄性斯普拉格-道利大鼠喂食高脂饮食，并在其体重达到475±15克时注射35毫克/千克体重的链脲佐菌素诱导2型糖尿病模型。确认高血糖状态后，给大鼠灌胃不同剂量的AE亚组分或不给药。在接下来的12周内测量血清葡萄糖、脂质标志物、胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）和胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。糖尿病大鼠的血清葡萄糖迅速升高且出现胰岛素抵抗（葡萄糖：360 - 500毫克/分升，HOMA-IR 9.8 - 13.8）。富含多糖和碳水化合物的F2在减轻高血糖和胰岛素抵抗方面最有效（葡萄糖：200毫克/分升；HOMA-IR：5.3），尤其对糖化血红蛋白（从8.0%降至6.5%）效果显著。所有AE亚组分均降低了甘油三酯和游离脂肪酸水平，但未降低总胆固醇水平。FR显著提高了高密度脂蛋白/低密度脂蛋白比值，表明其对脂蛋白谱有益。虽然F2和FR与体重增加有关，但F1具有抗肥胖作用。总之，无论作为蔬菜还是营养保健品食用，AE都有潜力成为糖尿病的辅助治疗手段。AE亚组分可单独开发，值得进一步研究。
