Postgraduate Program in Internal Medicine and Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), R. Padre Camargo, 280, 80.069-900, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinic Hospital, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), R. Padre Camargo, 280, 80.069-900, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Department of Medicine, Positive University (UP), R. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5300, 81280-330, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2022 Nov 15;298:115544. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115544. Epub 2022 Aug 10.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) is traditionally used by different populations of Africa, América, Asia, and Europa to control diabetes. Although its action has been evaluated in several preclinical rodent trials, they have not been systematically analyzed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of using okra in the treatment of diabetes in experimental rodent models. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Controlled and randomized rodent animal trials with induced diabetes published between January 2000 and January 2021 were searched in the PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and Web of Science databases. The search strategy included studies comprising the descriptors: animal species, diabetes induction method, intervention time, part of okra fruit used (whole, seeds, or peels), and dose as well as observed effects on biochemical and metabolic parameters. The systematic review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement, Cochrane bias risk tool (SYRCLE's RoB tool), and registered for systematic review protocols (PROSPERO). RESULTS: A total of 326 articles were identified and after the exclusion of studies with gestational animal models, non-rodent animals, and non-diabetic animals, 11 studies involving 388 rodents were selected for the synthesis of results. The diabetes induction methods included streptozotocin, streptozotocin-nicotinamide, alloxan monohydrate, insulin resistance by high-fat diets or formulation described in AIN - 76, and feeding with high-fat food. Both Wistar albino rats, Sprague-Dawley males, and rats of both sexes of the Long-Evans lineage as well as male albino mice and C57BL females were included in the experiments. Studies showed that extracts of the fruit, the fresh fruit, or its various fractions had positive effects on the following markers: glycated hemoglobin, cholesterol, HOMA-IR, oral glucose tolerance test, and blood glucose, in acute (2 and 24 h), and chronic (up to 4 months) treatment. CONCLUSION: An important hypoglycemic effect of okra in its various fractions on induced diabetes was observed by different authors. Moreover, okra promoted improvement in metabolic markers such as insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and bodyweight loss.
民族药理学相关性：秋葵（Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench）在非洲、美洲、亚洲和欧洲的不同人群中被传统用于控制糖尿病。尽管其在几种临床前啮齿动物试验中的作用已得到评估，但这些试验并未得到系统分析。
目的：评估在实验性啮齿动物模型中使用秋葵治疗糖尿病的效果。
材料与方法：检索了 2000 年 1 月至 2021 年 1 月期间在 PubMed、Scopus、Scielo 和 Web of Science 数据库中发表的关于用秋葵治疗糖尿病的对照和随机啮齿动物试验。搜索策略包括使用以下术语的研究：动物物种、糖尿病诱导方法、干预时间、秋葵果实的使用部位（整果、种子或果皮）和剂量以及对生化和代谢参数的观察效果。系统评价按照 PRISMA 声明、Cochrane 偏倚风险工具（SYRCLE's RoB 工具）和系统评价方案（PROSPERO）进行。
结果：共检索到 326 篇文章，在排除妊娠期动物模型、非啮齿动物和非糖尿病动物的研究后，有 11 项研究共涉及 388 只啮齿动物被纳入结果综合分析。糖尿病诱导方法包括链脲佐菌素、链脲佐菌素-烟酰胺、一水合阿脲、高脂肪饮食诱导的胰岛素抵抗或 AIN-76 配方，以及高脂肪食物喂养。实验中包括白化 Wistar 大鼠、Sprague-Dawley 雄性大鼠以及 Long-Evans 系的雌雄大鼠、雄性白化小鼠和 C57BL 雌性小鼠。研究表明，果实提取物、新鲜果实或其不同部位在以下标志物方面具有积极作用：糖化血红蛋白、胆固醇、HOMA-IR、口服葡萄糖耐量试验和血糖，在急性（2 和 24 小时）和慢性（长达 4 个月）治疗中。
结论：不同作者观察到秋葵的不同部位在各种制剂中对诱导性糖尿病具有重要的降血糖作用。此外，秋葵促进了胰岛素敏感性、血脂谱和体重减轻等代谢标志物的改善。
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