College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
College of Medical, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China.
Molecules. 2017 Dec 10;22(12):2196. doi: 10.3390/molecules22122196.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), using petroleum ether as the solvent, was systematically applied to extract main macamides and macaenes from Maca hypocotyls. Extraction yield was related with four variables, including ratio of solution to solid, extraction temperature, extraction time, and extraction power. On the basis of response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal conditions were determined to be the ratio of solution to solid as 10:1 (mL/g), the extraction temperature of 40 °C, the extraction time of 30 min, and the extraction power of 200 W. Based on the optimal extraction method of UAE, the total contents of ten main macamides and two main macaenes of Maca cultivated in twenty different areas of Tibet were analyzed by HPLC and UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS. This study indicated that UAE was able to effectively extract macamides alkaloids from Maca hypocotyls. Quantitative analysis showed that geographical origins, not ecotypes, played a more important role on the accumulation of active macamides in Maca.
超声辅助提取（UAE），使用石油醚作为溶剂，系统地应用于从玛咖地下茎中提取主要的玛咖酰胺和玛咖烯。提取收率与四个变量有关，包括溶液与固体的比例、提取温度、提取时间和提取功率。基于响应面法（RSM），确定最佳条件为溶液与固体的比例为 10:1（mL/g），提取温度为 40°C，提取时间为 30 分钟，提取功率为 200 W。基于 UAE 的最佳提取方法，通过 HPLC 和 UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS 分析了西藏 20 个不同地区种植的玛咖中十种主要玛咖酰胺和两种主要玛咖烯的总含量。本研究表明，UAE 能够有效地从玛咖地下茎中提取玛咖酰胺生物碱。定量分析表明，地理起源而不是生态型，对玛咖中活性玛咖酰胺的积累起着更重要的作用。
