Cosgrave Jan, Wu Lora J, van den Berg Margo, Signal T Leigh, Gander Philippa H
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018 Jan 1;89(1):19-25. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4965.2018.
Layovers are critical for pilot recovery between flights and minimum layover durations are required by regulation. However, research on the factors affecting layover sleep and safety performance indicators (SPIs) before subsequent flights is relatively sparse. The present project combined data from 6 studies, including 8 long-range and 5 ultra-long range out-and-back trips across a range of different layover destinations (299 pilots in 4-person crews, 410 layovers, 1-3 d layover duration).
Sleep was monitored via actigraphy from 3 d pre-trip to at least 3 d post-trip. Pilots rated their sleepiness (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, KSS) and fatigue (Samn-Perelli scale, SP) at duty start for the inbound flight. Mixed model ANOVAs identified independent associations between fatigue and sleepiness SPIs and operational factors (domicile time of duty start for the inbound flight in six 4-h bins, layover duration, and total sleep time (TST) in the 24 h prior to inbound duty start).
TST was greatest on layovers ending between 1200-1559 domicile time (time in the city from which the outbound flight departed) and TST was a significant predictor of both KSS and SP ratings at duty start for the inbound flight.
TST in the 24 h prior to the inbound flight was greatest when duty start time allowed for the inclusion of a full domicile night time period. In this dataset, circadian end-time of layovers is a key determinant of pilot fatigue status at the beginning of the inbound duty period.Cosgrove J, Wu LJ, van den Berg M, Signal TL, Gander PH. Sleep on long haul layovers and pilot fatigue at the start of the next duty period. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):19-25.
中途停留对飞行员在航班之间的恢复至关重要，并且法规规定了最短停留时间。然而，关于影响中途停留睡眠的因素以及后续航班前安全绩效指标（SPI）的研究相对较少。本项目合并了6项研究的数据，包括8次远程和5次超远程往返飞行，涉及一系列不同的中途停留目的地（4人机组中的299名飞行员，410次中途停留，停留时间为1 - 3天）。
通过活动记录仪从旅行前3天到旅行后至少3天监测睡眠情况。飞行员在入境航班开始执勤时对自己的困倦程度（卡罗林斯卡嗜睡量表，KSS）和疲劳程度（Samn - Perelli量表，SP）进行评分。混合模型方差分析确定了疲劳和困倦SPI与运营因素（入境航班开始执勤时间在六个4小时时间段内的驻地时间、停留时间以及入境执勤开始前24小时的总睡眠时间（TST））之间的独立关联。
在驻地时间1200 - 1559（出发航班出发城市的时间）结束的中途停留中，总睡眠时间最长，并且总睡眠时间是入境航班开始执勤时KSS和SP评分的重要预测指标。
当执勤开始时间包含完整的驻地夜间时间段时，入境航班前24小时的总睡眠时间最长。在这个数据集中，中途停留的昼夜结束时间是入境执勤期开始时飞行员疲劳状态的关键决定因素。科斯格罗夫J、吴LJ、范登伯格M、西格尔TL、甘德PH。长途中途停留的睡眠与下一执勤期开始时的飞行员疲劳。航空航天医学与人类表现。2018；89(1):19 - 25。
