Kubli Kara, McBane Sarah, Hirsch Jan D, Lorentz Sarah
University of California, San Diego, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, La Jolla, CA.
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2017 May;9(3):479-485. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2017.02.005. Epub 2017 Feb 28.
The primary aim of this study was to explore changes in knowledge level, perceived importance and apprehension of immunizations by first year pharmacy students pre- vs. post-immunization education and training.
First year pharmacy students at the University of California San Diego Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (UC San Diego SSPPS) completed a pre- and post-immunization training course questionnaire. Knowledge base and perceived importance level of immunizations including hepatitis B, influenza, measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), varicella, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal and human papilloma virus (HPV) were assessed. In addition, apprehension of needle administration and fears regarding safety and efficacy were evaluated.
Of 120 students, 85 (71%) completed pre- and post-course questionnaires for this study. Mean knowledge test scores increased from 56% pre-course to 83% post-course. Pre-course, 73% of participants considered immunizations as very important in preventing future disease outbreaks. Post-course, this percentage climbed to 94%. Prior to taking the course, 52% of students were apprehensive about administering injections; however, after completing the course this percentage declined to 33%. The majority of students who had been fearful prior to the course retained their fears of receiving needle injections. The proportion of students believing immunizations should be a personal choice, not mandatory, did not significantly change from pre-course (49%) to post-course (44%).
The UC San Diego SSPPS immunization course increased student knowledge of immunization facts and the perceived importance of immunizations. However, a substantial portion of students retained apprehension about administering and receiving needle injections and the proportion believing immunizations should be a personal choice, almost half, did not change appreciably.
本研究的主要目的是探讨一年级药学专业学生在接受免疫接种教育与培训前后，其在免疫接种知识水平、感知重要性及忧虑程度方面的变化。
加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校斯凯格斯药学院和制药科学学院（加州大学圣地亚哥分校药学院）的一年级药学专业学生完成了免疫接种培训课程前后的问卷调查。评估了包括乙肝、流感、麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹（MMR）、水痘、破伤风、白喉、百日咳（Tdap）、脑膜炎球菌及人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）在内的免疫接种的知识基础及感知重要性水平。此外，还评估了对注射给药的忧虑以及对安全性和有效性的担忧。
120名学生中，85名（71%）完成了本研究的课程前后问卷调查。知识测试平均得分从课程前的56%提高到了课程后的83%。课程前，73%的参与者认为免疫接种对于预防未来疾病爆发非常重要。课程后，这一比例升至94%。在参加课程之前，52%的学生对注射给药感到忧虑；然而，完成课程后这一比例降至33%。大多数在课程前感到恐惧的学生在接受注射时仍心存恐惧。认为免疫接种应是个人选择而非强制要求的学生比例从课程前（49%）到课程后（44%）没有显著变化。
加州大学圣地亚哥分校药学院的免疫接种课程增加了学生对免疫接种事实的了解以及对免疫接种重要性的感知。然而，相当一部分学生对注射给药和接受注射仍心存忧虑，且认为免疫接种应是个人选择的比例（几乎占一半）没有明显变化。
