Carson J W, Hoey H, Taylor M R
National Children's Hospital, Dublin.
Arch Dis Child. 1989 Jan;64(1):96-102. doi: 10.1136/adc.64.1.96.
By means of a simple questionnaire and measurements of height, weight, and peak expiratory flow rates 3061 children from city and rural populations were studied. Children with asthma or other respiratory diseases had lower peak expiratory flow rates, and younger children living in rural areas had higher rates. In 2828 healthy children the peak expiratory flow rate increased with age, height, and weight. There was an increase in the slope of this line for both age and height--at 12 years and 145 cm in girls, and at 14 years and 155 cm in boys. This continued for two to three years and 15 cm, respectively, before it declined. Previous surveys have obscured this change associated with height by reporting small numbers and using linear regression analysis. This type of analysis can underestimate the mean peak expiratory flow rate of small children by half to one standard deviation. A centile graph against age is recommended to describe normal values and their differences.
通过一份简单问卷以及身高、体重和呼气峰值流速测量，对来自城市和农村的3061名儿童进行了研究。患有哮喘或其他呼吸道疾病的儿童呼气峰值流速较低，而农村地区的年幼儿童呼气峰值流速较高。在2828名健康儿童中，呼气峰值流速随年龄、身高和体重增加。女孩在12岁且身高达到145厘米时，以及男孩在14岁且身高达到155厘米时，该曲线斜率均出现增加。这种情况分别持续两到三年以及身高增长15厘米，之后便开始下降。以往调查由于样本数量少并采用线性回归分析，掩盖了这种与身高相关的变化。这种分析类型会将年幼儿童的平均呼气峰值流速低估半个到一个标准差。建议使用按年龄绘制的百分位数图表来描述正常值及其差异。
