University of California, Davis Health, Sacramento, California 95817, USA; email:
Annu Rev Anim Biosci. 2018 Feb 15;6:99-119. doi: 10.1146/annurev-animal-030117-014637. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
The International Fetal Medicine and Surgery Society was created in 1982 and proposed guidelines for fetal interventions that required demonstrations of the safety and feasibility of intended interventions in animal models prior to application in humans. Because of their short gestation and low cost, small animal models are useful in early investigation of fetal strategies. However, owing to the anatomic and physiologic differences between small animals and humans, repeated studies in large animal models are usually needed to facilitate translation to humans. Ovine (sheep) models have been used the most extensively to study the pathophysiology of congenital abnormalities and to develop techniques for fetal interventions. However, nonhuman primates have uterine and placental structures that most closely resemble those of humans. Thus, the nonhuman primate is the ideal model to develop surgical and anesthetic techniques that minimize obstetrical complications.
国际胎儿医学与外科学会成立于 1982 年，并提出了胎儿干预措施的指导方针，要求在将干预措施应用于人类之前，在动物模型中证明预期干预措施的安全性和可行性。由于小型动物的妊娠期短且成本低，因此它们在早期研究胎儿策略方面非常有用。然而，由于小型动物和人类之间存在解剖和生理差异，通常需要在大型动物模型中进行重复研究，以促进向人类的转化。绵羊模型被广泛用于研究先天性异常的病理生理学，并开发用于胎儿干预的技术。然而，非人类灵长类动物的子宫和胎盘结构与人类最为相似。因此，非人类灵长类动物是开发可最大限度减少产科并发症的手术和麻醉技术的理想模型。
