Almeida Carla Bezerra Lopes, Félix Ricardo Humberto, Cendoroglo Maysa Seabra, Santos Fania Cristina
Division of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
DIGG, Unifesp, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2017 Sep;63(9):741-746. doi: 10.1590/1806-9282.63.09.741.
In order to introduce an instrument within our midst that allows a comprehensive clinical evaluation of pain-induced depression in the elderly, we proposed the translation, cross-cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese, and study of the psychometric properties of the "Geriatric Psychosocial Assessment of Pain-induced Depression" (GEAP) scale. This instrument was especially developed for the screening of depression associated with chronic pain in the elderly.
We performed translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the GEAP scale, whose psychometric properties were analyzed in a sample of 48 elderly individuals. Sociodemographic data and information related to chronic pain were ascertained, as well as those related to depression. The GEAP-b scale was applied at three different times on the same day by two different interviewers (I1 and I2), and after 15 days by one of those interviewers (I3).
The GEAP-b proved to be an easy-to-apply instrument with a high internal consistency value, according to the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.835). The reproducibility of the instrument was optimal, achieving intraclass correlations of 98.5 and 92% for interobserver and intraobserver, respectively. There was "considerable" agreement (between 0.419 and 1.0) for each GEAP-b item, except for item 19, according to the kappa statistic. As for the validity of the GEAP-b criterion, positive and statistically significant correlations were obtained for pain, according to GPM-p (r=49.5%, p<0.001), and depression, according to GDS (r=59%, p<0.001), both values being considered regular (between 40-60%).
The GEAP-b scale has proven to be reliable and valid in the screening of pain-related depression in the elderly.
为了在我们当中引入一种能够对老年人疼痛所致抑郁进行全面临床评估的工具，我们对“老年疼痛所致抑郁的心理社会评估”（GEAP）量表进行了翻译、跨文化改编为巴西葡萄牙语，并研究其心理测量特性。该工具是专门为筛查老年人慢性疼痛相关的抑郁而开发的。
我们对GEAP量表进行了翻译和跨文化改编，并在48名老年人样本中分析了其心理测量特性。确定了社会人口学数据以及与慢性疼痛和抑郁相关的信息。GEAP-b量表由两名不同的访谈者（I1和I2）在同一天的三个不同时间进行施测，15天后由其中一名访谈者（I3）再次施测。
根据克朗巴赫α系数（0.835），GEAP-b被证明是一种易于应用且内部一致性值较高的工具。该工具的再现性最佳，观察者间和观察者内的组内相关性分别达到98.5%和92%。根据kappa统计量，除第19项外，每个GEAP-b项目都有“相当大”的一致性（在0.419至1.0之间）。至于GEAP-b标准的有效性，根据GPM-p，疼痛与之呈正相关且具有统计学意义（r = 49.5%，p < 0.001），根据GDS，抑郁与之呈正相关且具有统计学意义（r = 59%，p < 0.001），这两个值均被认为是中等的（在40%-60%之间）。
GEAP-b量表已被证明在筛查老年人疼痛相关抑郁方面是可靠且有效的。
