Mai Yujiao, Leonardo Selena, Soulakova Julia N
Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, United States.
Prev Med Rep. 2017 Dec 6;9:18-23. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2017.12.003. eCollection 2018 Mar.
We assessed differences in the rates of smoke-free homes among single-parent households with regard to parental race/ethnicity and smoking status. We identified two cohorts representative of the U.S. single-parent households with underage children (children under the age of 18) based on the Tobacco Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey: 2010-11 ( = 6474) and 2014-15 ( = 6114). The interviews were conducted by phone and in-person. Statistical analysis was performed in 2017. The overall rate of smoke-free homes was 82% in 2010-11 and 86% in 2014-15. The rate of a smoke-free home was highest for Non-Hispanic (NH) Asian (94%) and Hispanic (92%) parents and lowest for NH Multiracial (77% in 2010-11 and 82% in 2014-15) in both survey periods. However, 2014-15 model-based comparisons relative to NH Whites indicated only one significant difference: the rate was lower for NH Blacks (OR = 0.46, 99% CI = 0.32:0.66). The smoke-free homes were least prevalent among daily smokers, followed by occasional smokers, followed by former smokers, and most prevalent among never smokers in each survey period. The 2010-11 and 2014-15 rates were 45% and 54% for daily, 64% and 72% for occasional, 89% and 91% for former, and 93% and 94% for never smokers. The gap in the rates of smoke-free homes for diverse parental racial/ethnic groups observed in 2010-11 decreased by 2014-15. While smoke-free homes became more prevalent in 2014-15, the rates remain drastically different among families with different parental smoking behaviors. Exposure to secondhand smoke at home remains common among single-parent households where the parent smokes.
我们评估了单亲家庭中无烟家庭的比例在父母种族/族裔和吸烟状况方面的差异。我们根据《当前人口调查烟草使用补充调查：2010 - 11年》（n = 6474）和《当前人口调查烟草使用补充调查：2014 - 15年》（n = 6114）确定了两个代表美国有未成年子女（18岁以下儿童）的单亲家庭的队列。访谈通过电话和面对面方式进行。统计分析于2017年进行。2010 - 11年无烟家庭的总体比例为82%，2014 - 15年为86%。在两个调查期间，无烟家庭比例最高的是非西班牙裔（NH）亚裔（94%）和西班牙裔（92%）父母，最低的是非西班牙裔多种族父母（2010 - 11年为77%，2014 - 15年为82%）。然而，2014 - 15年基于模型与非西班牙裔白人的比较仅显示出一个显著差异：非西班牙裔黑人的比例较低（OR = 0.46，99% CI = 0.32:0.66）。每个调查期间，无烟家庭在每日吸烟者中最不普遍，其次是偶尔吸烟者，然后是曾经吸烟者，在从不吸烟者中最普遍。2010 - 11年和2014 - 15年，每日吸烟者的比例分别为45%和54%，偶尔吸烟者为64%和72%，曾经吸烟者为89%和91%，从不吸烟者为93%和94%。2010 - 11年观察到不同父母种族/族裔群体在无烟家庭比例上的差距到2014 - 15年有所缩小。虽然无烟家庭在2014 - 15年变得更为普遍，但在父母有不同吸烟行为的家庭中比例仍有很大差异。在父母吸烟的单亲家庭中，在家接触二手烟仍然很常见。
