Fundação Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil and Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
CIPE, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Nanoscale. 2018 Jan 18;10(3):881-906. doi: 10.1039/c7nr08360b.
Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are gaining interest as central players in liquid biopsies, with potential applications in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic guidance in most pathological conditions. These nanosized particles transmit signals determined by their protein, lipid, nucleic acid and sugar content, and the unique molecular pattern of EVs dictates the type of signal to be transmitted to recipient cells. However, their small sizes and the limited quantities that can usually be obtained from patient-derived samples pose a number of challenges to their isolation, study and characterization. These challenges and some possible options to overcome them are discussed in this review.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）作为液体活检的核心参与者备受关注，在大多数病理情况下，它们具有诊断、预后和治疗指导的潜在应用。这些纳米级颗粒传递由其蛋白质、脂质、核酸和糖含量决定的信号，而 EVs 的独特分子模式决定了要传递给受体细胞的信号类型。然而，它们的小尺寸以及通常可以从患者来源的样本中获得的有限数量对它们的分离、研究和表征提出了一些挑战。本文综述了这些挑战和一些可能的克服方法。
