Church Timothy, Martin Corby K
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.
ACAP Health, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2018 Jan;26(1):14-16. doi: 10.1002/oby.22072.
Obesity prevalence has increased, and increased energy intake or decreased physical activity are the two most obvious contributing factors. The percentage of Americans engaging in exercise has been stable over the past few decades, but decreases in occupation-related energy expenditure are sufficient to partially explain increased obesity prevalence. Further, the contribution of energy intake and energy expenditure to the obesity epidemic is complicated because they are not independent-they are influenced by each other. For example, Mayer found that low activity levels were marked by higher body weight and higher "unregulated" energy intake levels. Conversely, higher activity levels were marked by lower body weight and energy intake that matched energy expenditure. Consistent with Mayer, we propose that because most Americans have low levels of occupation-related activity, they do not benefit from the regulation of energy intake achieved at higher activity levels, resulting in weight gain due to energy intake exceeding energy expenditure.
肥胖患病率有所上升，能量摄入增加或体力活动减少是两个最明显的促成因素。在过去几十年里，参与锻炼的美国人比例一直稳定，但与职业相关的能量消耗减少足以部分解释肥胖患病率的上升。此外，能量摄入和能量消耗对肥胖流行的影响很复杂，因为它们并非相互独立——它们相互影响。例如，梅耶发现，低活动水平的特征是体重较高和“不受控制”的能量摄入水平较高。相反，高活动水平的特征是体重较低且能量摄入与能量消耗相匹配。与梅耶的观点一致，我们认为，由于大多数美国人与职业相关的活动水平较低，他们无法从高活动水平下实现的能量摄入调节中受益，导致能量摄入超过能量消耗而体重增加。
