Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Division of Reproductive Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
J Infect Dis. 2017 Dec 16;216(suppl_10):S875-S883. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix396.
For >60 years, Zika virus (ZIKV) has been recognized as an arthropod-borne virus with Aedes species mosquitoes as the primary vector. However in the past 10 years, multiple alternative routes of ZIKV transmission have been identified. We review the available data on vector and non-vector-borne modes of transmission and interventions undertaken, to date, to reduce the risk of human infection through these routes. Although much has been learned during the outbreak in the Americas on the underlying mechanisms and pathogenesis of non-vector-borne ZIKV infections, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the relative incidence of, and risk from, these modes compared to mosquito transmission. Additional research is urgently needed on the risk, pathogenesis, and effectiveness of measures to mitigate non-vector-borne ZIKV transmission.
60 多年来，寨卡病毒（ZIKV）一直被认为是一种虫媒病毒，埃及伊蚊是其主要传播媒介。然而，在过去的 10 年中，已经确定了多种寨卡病毒的其他传播途径。我们回顾了目前关于传播媒介和非传播媒介传播途径以及为降低通过这些途径感染人类的风险而采取的干预措施的可用数据。尽管在美洲的疫情期间，我们已经了解了非传播媒介传播的寨卡病毒感染的潜在机制和发病机制，但与蚊子传播相比，我们对这些途径的相对发病率和风险的理解仍存在很大差距。迫切需要对非传播媒介传播的寨卡病毒的风险、发病机制和减轻其传播的措施的效果进行更多的研究。
