Department of MCD Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2019 Jan;85:71-77. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.12.012. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
Topographic arrangement of neuronal cell bodies and axonal tracts are crucial for proper wiring of the nervous system. This involves often-coordinated neuronal migration and axon guidance during development. Most neurons migrate from their birthplace to specific topographic coordinates as they adopt the final cell fates and extend axons. The axons follow temporospatial specific guidance cues to reach the appropriate targets. When neuronal or axonal migration or their coordination is disrupted, severe consequences including neurodevelopmental disorders and neurological diseases, can arise. Neuronal and axonal migration shares some molecular mechanisms, as genes originally identified as axon guidance molecules have been increasingly shown to direct both navigation processes. This review focuses on axon guidance pathways that are shown to also direct neuronal migration in the vertebrate spinal cord.
神经元细胞体和轴突束的拓扑排列对于神经系统的正确布线至关重要。这涉及到发育过程中经常协调的神经元迁移和轴突导向。大多数神经元在获得最终的细胞命运并延伸轴突的过程中，从其出生地迁移到特定的拓扑坐标。轴突遵循时空特异性的导向线索到达适当的靶标。当神经元或轴突迁移或其协调受到干扰时，可能会产生严重后果，包括神经发育障碍和神经退行性疾病。神经元和轴突迁移有一些共同的分子机制，因为最初被鉴定为轴突导向分子的基因已越来越多地被证明可以指导这两个导航过程。本综述重点介绍了在脊椎动物脊髓中被证明也可以指导神经元迁移的轴突导向途径。
