Dzaugis Mary E, Spivack Arthur J, D'Hondt Steven
Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett Bay Campus, 215 South Ferry Road, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA.
Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993. 2015 Oct;115:127-134. doi: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2015.06.011. Epub 2015 Jun 11.
We present a mathematical model that quantifies the rate of water radiolysis near radionuclide-containing solids. Our model incorporates the radioactivity of the solid along with the energies and attenuation properties for alpha (α), beta (β), and gamma (γ) radiation to calculate volume normalized dose rate profiles. In the model, these dose rate profiles are then used to calculate radiolytic hydrogen (H) and hydrogen peroxide (HO) production rates as a function of distance from the solid-water interface. It expands on previous water radiolysis models by incorporating planar or cylindrical solid-water interfaces and by explicitly including γ radiation in dose rate calculations. To illustrate our model's utility, we quantify radiolytic H and HO production rates surrounding spent nuclear fuel under different conditions (at 20 years and 1000 years of storage, as well as before and after barrier failure). These examples demonstrate the extent to which α, β and γ radiation contributes to total absorbed dose rate and radiolytic production rates. The different cases also illustrate how H and HO yields depend on initial composition, shielding and age of the solid. In this way, the examples demonstrate the importance of including all three types of radiation in a general model of total radiolytic production rates.
我们提出了一个数学模型，用于量化含放射性核素固体附近水的辐解速率。我们的模型纳入了固体的放射性以及α、β和γ辐射的能量与衰减特性，以计算体积归一化剂量率分布。在该模型中，这些剂量率分布随后被用于计算作为距固 - 水界面距离函数的辐解氢（H）和过氧化氢（HO）生成速率。它通过纳入平面或圆柱形固 - 水界面以及在剂量率计算中明确纳入γ辐射，对先前的水辐解模型进行了扩展。为说明我们模型的实用性，我们量化了不同条件下（储存20年和1000年时，以及屏障失效前后）乏核燃料周围的辐解H和HO生成速率。这些例子展示了α、β和γ辐射对总吸收剂量率和辐解生成速率的贡献程度。不同情况还说明了H和HO产率如何取决于固体的初始组成、屏蔽和年龄。通过这种方式，这些例子证明了在总辐解生成速率的通用模型中纳入所有三种辐射类型的重要性。
