Preiser Brianna, Assari Shervin
Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 MI, USA.
Center for Research on Ethnicity, Culture and Health, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 48109 MI, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2017 Dec 27;8(1):3. doi: 10.3390/bs8010003.
Although various types of intimate partner violence (IPV) tend to co-occur, risk factors of each type of IPV may differ. At the same time, most of the existing literature on risk factors of IPV among minorities has used a cross-sectional design and has focused on physical rather than sexual IPV. We conducted the current study to compare Black and Hispanic women for psychological predators of change in sexual IPV over time. Using data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), this study followed 561 Black and 475 Hispanic women with their male partners for four years. Independent variables included male partners' depression, anxiety, problem alcohol use, and male-to-female physical and psychological IPV perpetration. The dependent variable was sexual IPV reported by female partners, measured at baseline, two years, and four years later. Covariates included age, income, marital status and educational level. We used a multi-group latent growth curve model (LGCM) to explain intercept, linear, and quadratic slopes, which represent the baseline, and linear and curvilinear trajectories of male-to-female sexual IPV, where groups were defined based on ethnicity. Psychological IPV was associated with sexual IPV at baseline among both ethnic groups. The male partner's depression was a risk factor for an increase in sexual IPV over time among Black but not Hispanic women. Anxiety, problem alcohol use and physical IPV did not have an effect on the baseline or change in sexual IPV over time. Psychological IPV was not associated with an increase in sexual IPV over time in either ethnic groups. There is a need for screening of sexual IPV in the presence of psychological IPV among minority women. There is also a need for screening and treatment of male partners' depression as a strategy to reduce sexual IPV among Black women.
尽管各类亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）往往同时发生，但每种类型的亲密伴侣暴力的风险因素可能有所不同。与此同时，大多数关于少数族裔亲密伴侣暴力风险因素的现有文献采用的是横断面设计，且关注的是身体暴力而非性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力。我们开展了本研究，以比较黑人女性和西班牙裔女性在性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力随时间变化方面的心理预测因素。利用脆弱家庭与儿童福祉研究（FFCWS）的数据，本研究对561名黑人女性和475名西班牙裔女性及其男性伴侣进行了为期四年的跟踪调查。自变量包括男性伴侣的抑郁、焦虑、酒精使用问题以及男性对女性的身体和心理亲密伴侣暴力行为。因变量是女性伴侣报告的性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力，在基线期、两年后和四年后进行测量。协变量包括年龄、收入、婚姻状况和教育水平。我们使用多组潜在增长曲线模型（LGCM）来解释截距、线性斜率和二次斜率，它们分别代表男性对女性性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力的基线、线性轨迹和曲线轨迹，其中组别根据种族定义。在两个种族群体中，心理亲密伴侣暴力在基线期都与性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力相关。男性伴侣的抑郁是黑人女性而非西班牙裔女性中性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力随时间增加的一个风险因素。焦虑、酒精使用问题和身体亲密伴侣暴力对性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力的基线或随时间的变化没有影响。在两个种族群体中，心理亲密伴侣暴力都与性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力随时间增加无关。在少数族裔女性中，当存在心理亲密伴侣暴力时，有必要对性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力进行筛查。此外，有必要对男性伴侣的抑郁进行筛查和治疗，作为减少黑人女性中性暴力形式的亲密伴侣暴力的一项策略。
