Godycki-Cwirko Maciek, Panasiuk Lech, Brotons Carlos, Bulc Mateja, Zakowska Izabela
Centre for Family and Community Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego 20, 90-153 Lodz, Poland.
Institute of Rural Health, Lublin, Poland..
Ann Agric Environ Med. 2017 Dec 23;24(4):732-738. doi: 10.26444/aaem/81393. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
The idiosyncrasies of rural health demand further research to instigate rural health initiatives and to monitor progress in rural health care. In 2008, a study examined health-related behaviour, perception of importance of preventive interventions, readiness to change lifestyle and willingness to receive support from GPs, according to gender and place of residence.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients who visited any of ten randomly-selected general practices in Poland.
Four hundred patients were enrolled: 50% from rural areas, 50.3% were females; 23.8% declared a primary level of education (35% rural vs. 12.5% urban) respondents; the median age was 50 years (IQR=18), The predicted means for prevention importance scores for rural residents were 0.623 and for urban residents - 0.682. Place of residence had a significant effect on the importance of prevention (p<0.05; ICC=0.048). Area and gender have a statistically significant effect on preventive behaviour importance scores (p<0.05; ICC=0.0526). Patient expectations of individual counselling by GPs were highest for eating habits - 35.5% rural vs. 16% urban residents (p<0.0001).
Patient importance scores for prevention were associated with residence and gender. The villagers attached less importance to prevention. They also declared less willingness to change their lifestyle. Women had higher scores regarding prevention than men. More rural respondents would like to receive individual counselling from their GP regarding eating habits, physical activity, body weight, giving up smoking and safe alcohol use. Urban respondents were more likely to expect leaflets from their GPs on normalizing body weight.
农村卫生需求的特殊性需要进一步研究，以推动农村卫生倡议并监测农村医疗保健的进展。2008年，一项研究根据性别和居住地点，调查了与健康相关的行为、对预防干预重要性的认知、改变生活方式的意愿以及接受全科医生支持的意愿。
对在波兰随机选择的十家普通诊所就诊的患者进行了横断面调查。
共纳入400名患者，其中50%来自农村地区，50.3%为女性；23.8%的受访者具有小学文化程度（农村为35%，城市为12.5%）；中位年龄为50岁（四分位间距=18）。农村居民预防重要性得分的预测均值为0.623，城市居民为0.682。居住地点对预防的重要性有显著影响（p<0.05；组内相关系数=0.048）。地区和性别对预防行为重要性得分有统计学显著影响（p<0.05；组内相关系数=0.0526）。患者对全科医生提供个人咨询的期望在饮食习惯方面最高，农村居民为35.5%，城市居民为16%（p<0.0001）。
患者对预防的重要性得分与居住地点和性别有关。村民对预防的重视程度较低。他们改变生活方式的意愿也较低。女性在预防方面的得分高于男性。更多农村受访者希望全科医生就饮食习惯、体育活动、体重、戒烟和安全饮酒提供个人咨询。城市受访者更有可能期望全科医生提供关于体重正常化的宣传册。
