Nutraceuticals Research Program, School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, 305C Medical Science Building, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
Metabolism. 2018 May;82:22-35. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.12.009. Epub 2017 Dec 29.
Dietary phytosterols (PS) are well-known hypocholesterolaemic agents. Curcumin elicits hypolipidaemic and anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical studies, however, consistent findings in humans are lacking.
Concurrent PS and curcumin supplementation may exhibit enhanced hypocholesterolaemic and anti-inflammatory effects to optimise cardio-protection. The objective of this trial was to investigate the effects of dietary intervention with PS with or without curcumin on blood lipids (primary outcome) in hypercholesterolaemic individuals.
A double-blinded, randomised, placebo-controlled, 2 × 2 factorial trial was conducted in hypercholesterolaemic individuals. Participants received either placebo (PL, no phytosterols or curcumin), phytosterols (PS, 2 g/d), curcumin (CC, 200 mg/d) or a combination of PS and curcumin (PS-CC, 2 g/d-200 mg/d respectively) for four weeks. Primary outcomes included fasting total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), TC-to-HDL-C ratio (TC:HDL-C). Secondary outcomes included anthropometrics and fasting blood glucose concentrations.
Seventy participants with a mean (±SEM) fasting TC concentration of 6.57 ± 0.13 mmol/L completed the study (PL, n = 18; PS, n = 17; CC, n = 18; PS-CC, n = 17). PS and PS-CC supplementation significantly lowered TC, LDL-cholesterol and TC:HDL-C post-intervention (p < 0.05). Reductions from baseline in the PS group were 4.8% and 8.1% for TC and LDL-cholesterol respectively (p < 0.05). CC exhibited non-significant reduction (2.3% and 2.6%) in TC and LDL-C respectively, however, the PS-CC resulted in a greater reduction in TC (11.0%) and LDL-cholesterol (14.4%) than either of the treatments alone (p < 0.0001). The reduction in the PS-CC treatment was significantly greater compared to those for CC (p < 0.05) or PL (p < 0.01) alone. Plasma HDL-cholesterol and TG concentrations remained unchanged across all groups. No adverse side effects were reported.
The addition of curcumin to phytosterol therapy provides a complementary cholesterol-lowering effect that is larger than phytosterol therapy alone. Implications of these findings include the development of a single functional food containing both the active ingredients for enhanced lipid-lowering and compliance in hypercholesterolaemic individuals. ANZCTR identifier: 1261500095650.
膳食植物固醇（PS）是众所周知的降胆固醇剂。姜黄素在临床前研究中具有降血脂和抗炎作用，然而，在人类中缺乏一致的发现。
同时补充 PS 和姜黄素可能会表现出增强的降胆固醇和抗炎作用，从而优化心脏保护。本试验的目的是研究膳食干预 PS 加或不加姜黄素对高胆固醇血症个体的血脂（主要结局）的影响。
在高胆固醇血症个体中进行了一项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照、2×2 析因试验。参与者分别接受安慰剂（PL，不含植物固醇或姜黄素）、植物固醇（PS，2 g/d）、姜黄素（CC，200 mg/d）或 PS 和姜黄素的组合（PS-CC，分别为 2 g/d-200 mg/d），持续四周。主要结局包括空腹总胆固醇（TC）、LDL-胆固醇、HDL-胆固醇、甘油三酯（TG）、TC 与 HDL-C 比值（TC:HDL-C）。次要结局包括人体测量和空腹血糖浓度。
70 名平均（±SEM）空腹 TC 浓度为 6.57 ± 0.13 mmol/L 的参与者完成了研究（PL，n = 18；PS，n = 17；CC，n = 18；PS-CC，n = 17）。PS 和 PS-CC 补充剂在干预后显著降低了 TC、LDL-胆固醇和 TC:HDL-C（p<0.05）。PS 组 TC 和 LDL-胆固醇的基线降低分别为 4.8%和 8.1%（p<0.05）。CC 对 TC（2.3%）和 LDL-C（2.6%）的降低无显著差异，但 PS-CC 对 TC（11.0%）和 LDL-胆固醇（14.4%）的降低大于任何单一治疗（p<0.0001）。PS-CC 治疗的降低明显大于 CC（p<0.05）或 PL（p<0.01）单独治疗。所有组的血浆 HDL-胆固醇和 TG 浓度保持不变。没有报告不良反应。
姜黄素与植物固醇治疗联合使用可提供互补的降胆固醇作用，其作用大于植物固醇治疗单独使用。这些发现的意义包括开发一种含有两种活性成分的单一功能性食品，以增强降脂作用和提高高胆固醇血症个体的依从性。
ANZCTR 标识符：1261500095650。
