Lachmann Bernd, Sariyska Rayna, Kannen Christopher, Błaszkiewicz Konrad, Trendafilov Boris, Andone Ionut, Eibes Mark, Markowetz Alexander, Li Mei, Kendrick Keith M, Montag Christian
Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Helmholtzstrasse 8/1, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
Department of Computer Sciences, University of Bonn, 53012 Bonn, Germany.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2017 Dec 23;8(1):1. doi: 10.3390/bs8010001.
Virtually everybody would agree that life satisfaction is of immense importance in everyday life. Thus, it is not surprising that a considerable amount of research using many different methodological approaches has investigated what the best predictors of life satisfaction are. In the present study, we have focused on several key potential influences on life satisfaction including bottom-up and top-down models, cross-cultural effects, and demographic variables. In four independent (large scale) surveys with sample sizes ranging from = 488 to 40,297, we examined the associations between life satisfaction and various related variables. Our findings demonstrate that prediction of overall life satisfaction works best when including information about specific life satisfaction variables. From this perspective, satisfaction with leisure showed the highest impact on overall life satisfaction in our European samples. Personality was also robustly associated with life satisfaction, but only when life satisfaction variables were not included in the regression model. These findings could be replicated in all four independent samples, but it was also demonstrated that the relevance of life satisfaction variables changed under the influence of cross-cultural effects.
几乎每个人都会认同生活满意度在日常生活中极其重要。因此，大量运用多种不同方法论的研究去探究生活满意度的最佳预测因素也就不足为奇了。在本研究中，我们聚焦于对生活满意度的几个关键潜在影响因素，包括自下而上和自上而下的模型、跨文化效应以及人口统计学变量。在四项独立的（大规模）调查中，样本量从n = 488到40297不等，我们考察了生活满意度与各种相关变量之间的关联。我们的研究结果表明，当纳入特定生活满意度变量的信息时，对总体生活满意度的预测效果最佳。从这个角度来看，在我们的欧洲样本中，休闲满意度对总体生活满意度的影响最大。人格也与生活满意度密切相关，但只有当回归模型中不包含生活满意度变量时才如此。这些发现可以在所有四个独立样本中得到重复验证，但也表明生活满意度变量的相关性在跨文化效应的影响下会发生变化。
