School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
Geriatric Department of Stomatology, Dalian Stomatology Hospital, Dalian, 116021, China.
Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Mar;22(2):571-581. doi: 10.1007/s00784-017-2317-6. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
Oral squamous cell carcinomas (OC) are life-threatening diseases emerging as major international health concerns.
Development of an efficient clinical strategy for early diagnosis of the disease is a key for reducing the death rate. Biomarkers are proven to be an effective approach for clinical diagnosis of cancer. Although mechanisms underlying regulation of oral malignancy are still unclear, microRNAs (miRNAs) as a group of small non-coded RNAs may be developed as the effective biomarkers used for early detection of oral cancer.
A literature search was conducted using the databases of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. The following search terms were used: miRNAs and oral cancer or oral carcinoma. A critical appraisal of the included studies was performed with upregulated miRNAs and downregulated miRNAs in oral cancer.
In this review, we summarize the research progress made in miRNAs for diagnosis of oral cancer. The involvement of miRNAs identified in signal transduction pathways in OC, including Ras/MAPK signaling, PI3K/AKT signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, Notch signaling, and TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.
A number of studies demonstrated that miRNAs may be developed as an ideal set of biomarkers used for early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers because of the stability in human peripheral blood and body fluids and availability of non-invasive approaches being developed for clinical utility.
These findings suggest that miRNAs as biomarkers may be useful for diagnosis of OC.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OC）是一种危及生命的疾病，已成为国际关注的主要健康问题。
开发用于疾病早期诊断的有效临床策略是降低死亡率的关键。生物标志物已被证明是癌症临床诊断的有效方法。虽然口腔恶性肿瘤调控的机制尚不清楚，但 microRNAs（miRNAs）作为一组小的非编码 RNA，可能被开发为用于早期检测口腔癌的有效生物标志物。
使用 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 图书馆数据库进行文献检索。使用以下搜索词：miRNAs 和口腔癌或口腔癌。对纳入研究进行了批判性评估，包括口腔癌中上调的 miRNAs 和下调的 miRNAs。
在本综述中，我们总结了 miRNAs 在口腔癌诊断研究方面的进展。涉及 OC 中信号转导途径的 miRNAs 包括 Ras/MAPK 信号、PI3K/AKT 信号、JAK/STAT 信号、Wnt/β-catenin 信号、Notch 信号和 TGF-β/SMAD 信号通路。
许多研究表明，miRNAs 由于在人外周血和体液中的稳定性以及正在开发用于临床应用的非侵入性方法，因此可能成为用于癌症早期诊断和预后的理想生物标志物。
这些发现表明，miRNAs 作为生物标志物可能对 OC 的诊断有用。
