Hose Jo Ellen, Martin Gary G, Nguyen VAN Anh, Lucas John, Rosenstein Tedd
Biol Bull. 1987 Aug;173(1):178-187. doi: 10.2307/1541871.
Morphological studies suggest that there are several types of decapod hemocytes; however, distinguishing criteria based on conventional staining techniques are often subtle or ambiguous. Cytochemical features of ridgeback prawn (Penaeidae: Sicyonia ingentis) hemocytes were studied using specific stains for lysosomes, cytoplasmic contents, and granule enzymes. This approach facilitates the differentiation of cell types in the ridgeback prawn and provides information on the functions of and relation ships among different cell types. Agranular hemocytes and a subgroup of small granule hemocytes contain extensive cytoplasmic glycoprotein deposits which display smudgy, intense staining with Sudan black B. As previously shown, coagulogen-the clotting material in decapods-stains with Sudan black B when extracted from lysed hemocytes. Other hemocyte types display light staining limited to granule membranes. Lysosomes are not observed in agranular cells and are rarely present in small granule hemocytes with glycoprotein deposits. Small granule hemocytes without deposits and large granule hemocytes contain numerous lysosomes as shown by the presence of acid phosphatase, β-glucuronidase, and nonspecific esterase. Acid phosphatase is observed in the Golgi body of these cells, within small vesicles, and in small granules. The granules in large granule hemocytes rarely show acid phosphatase reaction, yet small acid phosphatase-positive vesicles fuse with the large granules. The acid phosphatase in the large granules may exist in an inactive form. Prophenoloxidase activity is localized only in large granules. The physiological significance of hemocyte cytochemistry is also discussed.
形态学研究表明，十足目动物有几种类型的血细胞；然而，基于传统染色技术的区分标准往往很细微或不明确。利用针对溶酶体、细胞质成分和颗粒酶的特异性染色剂，对脊尾白虾（对虾科：巨指长臂虾）血细胞的细胞化学特征进行了研究。这种方法有助于区分脊尾白虾的细胞类型，并提供有关不同细胞类型的功能及相互关系的信息。无颗粒血细胞和一小部分小颗粒血细胞含有大量细胞质糖蛋白沉积物，用苏丹黑B染色时呈现出模糊、强烈的染色。如先前所示，当从裂解的血细胞中提取时，十足目动物的凝血原（凝血物质）会被苏丹黑B染色。其他血细胞类型的染色较浅，仅限于颗粒膜。在无颗粒细胞中未观察到溶酶体，在带有糖蛋白沉积物的小颗粒血细胞中也很少见。无沉积物的小颗粒血细胞和大颗粒血细胞含有大量溶酶体，酸性磷酸酶、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶和非特异性酯酶的存在表明了这一点。在这些细胞的高尔基体、小泡和小颗粒中观察到了酸性磷酸酶。大颗粒血细胞中的颗粒很少显示酸性磷酸酶反应，但小的酸性磷酸酶阳性小泡会与大颗粒融合。大颗粒中的酸性磷酸酶可能以无活性形式存在。酚氧化酶原活性仅定位于大颗粒中。本文还讨论了血细胞细胞化学的生理意义。
