Ding Bingjie, Xiao Rong, Ma Weiwei, Zhao Lei, Bi Yanxia, Zhang Yong
Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
BMJ Open. 2018 Jan 9;8(1):e018573. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018573.
The aim of this retrospective study was to explore the correlation between daily energy intake from macronutrients and cognitive functions in a Chinese population aged less than 65 years.
This is a cross-sectional study to explore the relationships between macronutrients' intake and cognitive function. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) and χ test were used to compare the demographic and physical characteristics, lifestyle and laboratory parameters with the intake of macronutrients among different quartiles of % fat/energy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the potential risk factors of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Young and middle-aged participants (age <65 years) were recruited from Beijing, China. The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the cognitive functions, and the dietary intake of the participants was estimated with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
Among the 661 participants, 80 (12.1%) had MCI, while 581 (87.9%) had normal cognitive functions. On evaluating the data based on the age group, educational background, and conditions of hyperlipidaemia and total energy intake, the results revealed that high % fat (upper quartile: adjusted OR (aOR) 3.90, 95% CI1.53 to 9.89, P=0.004), and high % protein intake (upper quartile: aOR 2.77, 95% CI 1.24 to 6.15) were greatly associated with increased frequency of MCI, while high % carbohydrate intake (upper quartile: aOR0.30, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.72) was correlated with decreased prevalence of MCI.
The dietary pattern with high percentage of energy intake from fat and protein, and low-energy intake from carbohydrate might have been associated with cognitive decline in a Chinese population under 65 years of age.
这项回顾性研究的目的是探讨65岁以下中国人群中来自宏量营养素的每日能量摄入与认知功能之间的相关性。
这是一项横断面研究，旨在探讨宏量营养素摄入与认知功能之间的关系。采用方差分析（ANOVA）和χ检验，比较不同脂肪/能量百分比四分位数人群的人口统计学和身体特征、生活方式及实验室参数与宏量营养素摄入量。应用多因素逻辑回归分析来确定轻度认知障碍（MCI）的潜在危险因素。
年轻及中年参与者（年龄<65岁）来自中国北京。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）和简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估认知功能，通过半定量食物频率问卷（FFQ）估算参与者的饮食摄入量。
在661名参与者中，80人（12.1%）患有MCI，而581人（87.9%）认知功能正常。根据年龄组、教育背景、高脂血症情况和总能量摄入量对数据进行评估，结果显示高脂肪百分比（上四分位数：校正比值比（aOR）3.90，95%可信区间1.53至9.89，P = 0.004）和高蛋白质摄入量百分比（上四分位数：aOR 2.77，95%可信区间1.24至6.15）与MCI发生频率增加密切相关，而高碳水化合物摄入量百分比（上四分位数：aOR 0.30，95%可信区间0.12至0.72）与MCI患病率降低相关。
脂肪和蛋白质能量摄入比例高、碳水化合物能量摄入低的饮食模式可能与65岁以下中国人群的认知功能下降有关。
