Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Msida, Malta; and the Neuroscience Division, School of Bioscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
Research Group for Cellular and Network Neurophysiology of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2018 Feb;19(2):107-118. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2017.151. Epub 2018 Jan 11.
During inattentive wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, the neocortex and thalamus cooperatively engage in rhythmic activities that are exquisitely reflected in the electroencephalogram as distinctive rhythms spanning a range of frequencies from <1 Hz slow waves to 13 Hz alpha waves. In the thalamus, these diverse activities emerge through the interaction of cell-intrinsic mechanisms and local and long-range synaptic inputs. One crucial feature, however, unifies thalamic oscillations of different frequencies: repetitive burst firing driven by voltage-dependent Ca spikes. Recent evidence reveals that thalamic Ca spikes are inextricably linked to global somatodendritic Ca transients and are essential for several forms of thalamic plasticity. Thus, we propose herein that alongside their rhythm-regulation function, thalamic oscillations of low-vigilance states have a plasticity function that, through modifications of synaptic strength and cellular excitability in local neuronal assemblies, can shape ongoing oscillations during inattention and NREM sleep and may potentially reconfigure thalamic networks for faithful information processing during attentive wakefulness.
在注意力不集中的觉醒和非快速眼动 (NREM) 睡眠期间，大脑皮层和丘脑协同进行节律性活动，这些活动在脑电图中表现为独特的节律，频率范围从 1 Hz 以下的慢波到 13 Hz 的 alpha 波。在丘脑内，这些不同的活动通过细胞内在机制以及局部和长程突触输入的相互作用而产生。然而，一个关键特征将不同频率的丘脑振荡统一起来：由电压依赖性 Ca spikes 驱动的重复爆发式放电。最近的证据表明，丘脑 Ca spikes 与全局树突体 Ca 瞬变密切相关，是几种形式的丘脑可塑性所必需的。因此，我们在此提出，除了它们的节律调节功能外，低警觉状态的丘脑振荡还具有可塑性功能，通过局部神经元集合中突触强度和细胞兴奋性的改变，可以在注意力不集中和 NREM 睡眠期间塑造正在进行的振荡，并可能为注意力清醒时的信息处理重新配置丘脑网络。
