Shen Biying, Qu Weina, Ge Yan, Sun Xianghong, Zhang Kan
CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.
Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
PLoS One. 2018 Jan 11;13(1):e0190746. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190746. eCollection 2018.
Driving behaviors play an important role in accident involvement. Concretely speaking, aberrant driving behaviors would cause more accidents, and oppositely positive driving behaviors would promote to build safety traffic environment. The main goals of this study were to explore the positive driving behavior and its relationship with personality in a Chinese sample. A total of 421 licensed drivers (286 male and 135 female) from Beijing, China completed the Positive Driver Behavior Scale (PDBS), the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) on a voluntary and anonymous basis. The results showed that the Chinese version of the PDBS has both reliability and validity and that the PDBS was significantly correlated with the BFI. Specifically, the PDBS was negatively correlated with neuroticism (r = -0.38) and positively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience (the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.36 to 0.55). In contrast with previous research, age was negatively correlated with the PDBS (r = -0.38) in our sample, which may have resulted from less driving experience or a lack of available cognitive resources.
驾驶行为在交通事故中起着重要作用。具体而言，异常驾驶行为会导致更多事故，相反，积极的驾驶行为有助于营造安全的交通环境。本研究的主要目的是在中国样本中探究积极驾驶行为及其与人格的关系。来自中国北京的421名持照司机（286名男性和135名女性）自愿且匿名地完成了积极驾驶员行为量表（PDBS）、驾驶员行为问卷（DBQ）、杜拉危险驾驶指数（DDDI）和大五人格量表（BFI）。结果表明，中文版的PDBS具有信效度，且PDBS与BFI显著相关。具体来说，PDBS与神经质呈负相关（r = -0.38），与外向性、宜人性、尽责性和开放性呈正相关（相关系数范围为0.36至0.55）。与先前的研究不同，在我们的样本中年龄与PDBS呈负相关（r = -0.38），这可能是由于驾驶经验较少或缺乏可用的认知资源所致。
