Haenni Marisa, Châtre Pierre, Dupieux-Chabert Céline, Métayer Véronique, Bes Michèle, Madec Jean-Yves, Laurent Frédéric
Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
Bacteriology Department, Institut for Infectious Agents, French National Reference Centre for Staphylococci, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Dec 13;8:2493. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02493. eCollection 2017.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has been reported as a worldwide pathogen in humans and animals including companion animals, i.e., cats, dogs, and horses. France lacked a comprehensive nationwide study describing the molecular features of MRSA circulating among companion animals over a large period of time. Here is reported the characterization of 130 non-duplicate clinical MRSA isolates collected from those three animal species from 2010 to 2015 through the French national Resapath network. Characterization of isolates was performed using phenotypic (antimicrobial susceptibility tests) and molecular (DNA arrays, -typing) methods. A horse-specific epidemiology was observed in France with the large dissemination of a unique clone, the CC398 clone harboring a Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCC) type IV and -type t011. It was even the unique clone collected in 2015 whereas the clone CC8 USA500 (SCC type IV), classically described in horses, was present until 2014. Contrarily, cats and dogs were mainly infected by human-related MRSA isolates, i.e., clones usually reported in human infections, thus mirroring the human epidemiology in hospitals in France. Isolates belonging to the CC398 clone (SCC type IV or V) were also identified in 21.4% of dogs' and 26.5% of cats' MRSA isolates. In order to differentiate human-related from CC398 MRSA, tetracycline-resistance [or (M) detection] could be useful since this resistance is scarce in human-related strains but constant in CC398 MRSA isolates. In all, our data give a nationwide epidemiological picture of MRSA in companion animals over a 5-year period in France, adding further epidemiological information on the contribution of those animal species to a major public health issue. Considering the wide dissemination of CC398 MRSA isolates and the fact that 11/64 (17.2%) of them presented the Immune Evasion Cluster which enhances CC398 capacities to colonize humans, a specific attention should be paid in the coming years to determine the risk associated to the transmission in people in frequent contacts with companion animals. Our data also show that the prevalence of MRSA has likely decreased in cats, dogs, and horses between 2012 and 2015 in France. This trend should be monitored in the years to come.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）已被报道为一种在人类和动物（包括伴侣动物，即猫、狗和马）中广泛传播的病原体。法国缺乏一项全面的全国性研究来描述在较长一段时间内伴侣动物中传播的MRSA的分子特征。本文报道了通过法国国家Resapath网络在2010年至2015年期间从这三种动物物种中收集的130株非重复临床MRSA分离株的特征。使用表型（抗菌药敏试验）和分子（DNA阵列、分型）方法对分离株进行特征分析。在法国观察到一种马特异性的流行病学情况，即一个独特的克隆CC398广泛传播，该克隆携带IV型葡萄球菌染色体盒（SCC）和t011型。它甚至是2015年收集到的唯一克隆，而经典报道于马中的CC8 USA500克隆（IV型SCC）一直存在到2014年。相反，猫和狗主要感染与人相关的MRSA分离株，即通常在人类感染中报道的克隆，这反映了法国医院中的人类流行病学情况。在21.4%的犬类和26.5%的猫类MRSA分离株中也鉴定出属于CC398克隆（IV型或V型SCC）的分离株。为了区分与人相关的MRSA和CC398 MRSA，四环素耐药性[或（M）检测]可能会有所帮助，因为这种耐药性在与人相关的菌株中很少见，但在CC398 MRSA分离株中很常见。总之，我们的数据给出了法国5年期间伴侣动物中MRSA的全国性流行病学情况，为这些动物物种对一个主要公共卫生问题的贡献增加了更多的流行病学信息。考虑到CC398 MRSA分离株的广泛传播以及其中11/64（17.2%）呈现免疫逃避簇这一增强CC398在人类中定植能力的事实，在未来几年应特别关注确定与经常接触伴侣动物的人群中传播相关的风险。我们的数据还表明，2012年至2015年期间，法国猫、狗和马中MRSA的流行率可能有所下降。未来几年应监测这一趋势。
