Institute of Gerontology, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
School of Social Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Age Ageing. 2018 May 1;47(3):450-457. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afx181.
despite an increasing proportion of older people working beyond State Pension Age (SPA), little is known about neither the motivations for this decision nor whether, and to what extent, working beyond SPA affects quality of life (QoL).
QoL was measured using the CASP-19 scale. Respondents in paid work beyond SPA were distinguished based on whether they reported financial constraints as the main reason for continuing in work. Linear regression models were used to assess the associations between paid work beyond SPA and CASP-19 scores among men aged 65-74 and women aged 60-69 (n = 2,502) cross-sectionally and over time using Wave 4 and Wave 7 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing.
approximately, one in five respondents were in paid work beyond SPA, one-third of whom reported financial issues as the main reason. These individuals reported significantly lower CASP-19 scores (β = -1.21) compared with those who retired at the expected/usual age. Respondents who declared being in paid work beyond SPA because they enjoyed their work or wanted to remain active, reported significantly higher QoL (β = 1.62). Longitudinal analyses suggest that those who were working post-SPA by choice, but who had stopped working at follow-up, also reported marginally (P < 0.10) higher CASP-19 scores.
potential QoL benefits of working beyond SPA need to be considered in light of individual motivations for extending working life. Given the trend towards working longer and the abolishment of mandatory retirement ages, it is important that older people maintain control over their decision to work in later life.
尽管越来越多的老年人在达到国家法定退休年龄（SPA）后继续工作，但对于他们工作的动机以及这种行为是否以及在何种程度上影响生活质量（QoL），我们知之甚少。
使用能力状况量表（CASP-19）来衡量生活质量。将 SPA 后继续有偿工作的受访者分为两类：一是将经济困难作为继续工作的主要原因，二是其他原因。使用线性回归模型，分别评估了 65-74 岁男性和 60-69 岁女性（n = 2502）在横断面和纵向两个时间点上，有偿工作超过 SPA 与 CASP-19 评分之间的关系。纵向分析基于英国老龄化纵向研究的第 4 波和第 7 波数据。
大约五分之一的受访者有偿工作超过 SPA，其中三分之一的人表示经济问题是主要原因。与那些按预期/正常年龄退休的人相比，这些人报告的 CASP-19 评分明显较低（β = -1.21）。报告有偿工作超过 SPA 是因为他们喜欢工作或希望保持活跃的受访者，报告的生活质量明显更高（β = 1.62）。纵向分析表明，那些出于个人选择而在 SPA 后继续工作，但在随访时已停止工作的人，CASP-19 评分也略有升高（P < 0.10）。
在考虑延长工作寿命的个人动机时，需要考虑 SPA 后工作对生活质量的潜在益处。考虑到工作时间延长的趋势以及强制性退休年龄的废除，老年人在晚年保持对工作决策的控制至关重要。
