Paavo Nurmi Centre and Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, FINLAND.
Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, FINLAND.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2018 Jun;50(6):1192-1198. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000001555.
Physical activity (PA) is important in the prevention and treatment of impaired glucose metabolism. However, association of physical inactivity during the transition between childhood and adulthood with glucose metabolism is unknown. Therefore, we studied the association of persistent physical inactivity since childhood with glucose metabolism in adulthood.
Data were drawn from the ongoing, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study with repeated follow-ups between 1980 and 2011 (baseline age, 3-18 yr; n = 3596). Impaired glucose metabolism was defined as having impaired fasting glucose (6.1-6.9 mmol·L) or type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Leisure-time PA habits were repeatedly collected with a standardized questionnaire and expressed as a PA Index. Using PA Index, four groups were formed (n = 2000): 1) persistently low PA, 2) decreasingly active, 3) increasingly active, and 4) persistently active subjects. Poisson regression model was used to examine the association between PA groups and impaired glucose metabolism.
The proportion of the sample with impaired glucose metabolism was 16.1% in individuals with persistently low PA, 14.5% in decreasingly active, 6.8% in increasingly active, and 11.1% in persistently active. Compared with individuals with persistently low PA, age and sex-adjusted risk for impaired glucose metabolism were lower in those who increased PA (relative risk [RR], 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.76) and in those who were persistently active (RR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.97), but similar in those who decreased PA (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.66-1.36).
Persistently physically inactive lifestyle from youth to adulthood is associated with increased risk of impaired glucose metabolism in adulthood. Importantly, a moderate increase in PA lowered the risk. The results highlight the importance of avoiding physically inactive lifestyle at all stages of life.
身体活动（PA）对于预防和治疗葡萄糖代谢受损很重要。然而，目前尚不清楚儿童期到成年期之间身体活动不足与葡萄糖代谢之间的关系。因此，我们研究了自儿童期以来持续不活跃的身体活动与成年期葡萄糖代谢之间的关系。
数据来自正在进行的《芬兰年轻人心血管风险研究》，该研究在 1980 年至 2011 年期间进行了多次随访（基线年龄 3-18 岁；n=3596）。葡萄糖代谢受损定义为空腹血糖受损（6.1-6.9mmol·L）或成年期 2 型糖尿病。采用标准化问卷反复收集休闲时间身体活动习惯，并表示为身体活动指数。使用身体活动指数，将四组人群（n=2000）：1）持续低活动，2）逐渐减少活动，3）逐渐增加活动，4）持续活跃。采用泊松回归模型来检验 PA 组与葡萄糖代谢受损之间的关系。
在持续低活动人群中，有 16.1%的个体存在葡萄糖代谢受损，在逐渐减少活动人群中为 14.5%，在逐渐增加活动人群中为 6.8%，在持续活跃人群中为 11.1%。与持续低活动人群相比，PA 增加（相对风险[RR]，0.47；95%置信区间[CI]，0.29-0.76）和持续活跃（RR，0.70；95%CI，0.51-0.97）的个体发生葡萄糖代谢受损的风险较低，而 PA 减少（RR，0.93；95%CI，0.66-1.36）的个体发生葡萄糖代谢受损的风险相似。
从儿童期到成年期持续不活跃的生活方式与成年期葡萄糖代谢受损的风险增加有关。重要的是，适度增加 PA 可降低风险。结果强调了在生命的各个阶段避免不活跃生活方式的重要性。
