From the Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Integrative Synthetic Biology (CISB), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139.
From the Department of Chemical Engineering and Center for Integrative Synthetic Biology (CISB), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
J Biol Chem. 2018 Apr 6;293(14):5053-5061. doi: 10.1074/jbc.TM117.000368. Epub 2018 Jan 16.
Polysaccharide-based biopolymers have many material properties relevant to industrial and medical uses, including as drug delivery agents, wound-healing adhesives, and food additives and stabilizers. Traditionally, polysaccharides are obtained from natural sources. Microbial synthesis offers an attractive alternative for sustainable production of tailored biopolymers. Here, we review synthetic biology strategies for select "green" biopolymers: cellulose, alginate, chitin, chitosan, and hyaluronan. Microbial production pathways, opportunities for pathway yield improvements, and advances in microbial engineering of biopolymers in various hosts are discussed. Taken together, microbial engineering has expanded the repertoire of green biological chemistry by increasing the diversity of biobased materials.
多糖基生物聚合物具有许多与工业和医疗用途相关的材料特性，包括作为药物传递剂、伤口愈合粘合剂以及食品添加剂和稳定剂。传统上，多糖是从天然来源中获得的。微生物合成提供了一种有吸引力的替代方法，可用于可持续生产定制的生物聚合物。在这里，我们回顾了选择的“绿色”生物聚合物的合成生物学策略：纤维素、藻酸盐、甲壳素、壳聚糖和透明质酸。讨论了微生物生产途径、途径产率提高的机会以及在各种宿主中生物聚合物的微生物工程学进展。总的来说，微生物工程通过增加生物基材料的多样性，扩展了绿色生物化学的范围。
