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环境因素对波兰近视患病率的影响。

The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Prevalence of Myopia in Poland.

作者信息

Czepita Maciej, Czepita Damian, Lubiński Wojciech

机构信息

2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Pomeranian Medical University, al. Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.

出版信息

J Ophthalmol. 2017;2017:5983406. doi: 10.1155/2017/5983406. Epub 2017 Nov 19.

DOI:10.1155/2017/5983406
PMID:29348929
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5733614/
Abstract

PURPOSE

In the paper, we describe and discuss the results of epidemiological studies concerning myopia carried out in Poland.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Results from the examination of 5601 Polish school children and students (2688 boys and 2913 girls) aged 6 to 18 years were analyzed. The mean age was 11.9 ± 3.2 years. Every examined student had undergone the following examinations: distance visual acuity testing, cover test, anterior segment evaluation, and cycloplegic retinoscopy after instillation of 1% tropicamide, and a questionnaire was taken.

RESULTS

We have found that (1) intensive near work (writing, reading, and working on a computer) leads to a higher prevalence of myopia, (2) watching television does not influence the prevalence of myopia, and (3) being outdoors decreases the prevalence of myopia.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of our study point to insufficiency of accommodation contributing to the pathogenesis of myopia.

摘要

目的

在本文中，我们描述并讨论了在波兰开展的关于近视的流行病学研究结果。

材料与方法

分析了对5601名6至18岁波兰学童和学生（2688名男孩和2913名女孩）的检查结果。平均年龄为11.9 ± 3.2岁。每位接受检查的学生都进行了以下检查：远视力测试、遮盖试验、眼前节评估、滴入1%托吡卡胺后的睫状肌麻痹视网膜检影，并且进行了问卷调查。

结果

我们发现：（1）高强度的近距离工作（书写、阅读和使用电脑）会导致近视患病率升高；（2）看电视不会影响近视患病率；（3）户外活动会降低近视患病率。

结论

我们的研究结果表明调节不足是近视发病机制的一个因素。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/ad2d6ad8f8f2/JOPH2017-5983406.004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/009a8f3d82c2/JOPH2017-5983406.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/c271f7c03179/JOPH2017-5983406.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/f2c6d60ce936/JOPH2017-5983406.003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/ad2d6ad8f8f2/JOPH2017-5983406.004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/009a8f3d82c2/JOPH2017-5983406.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/c271f7c03179/JOPH2017-5983406.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/f2c6d60ce936/JOPH2017-5983406.003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/0c04/5733614/ad2d6ad8f8f2/JOPH2017-5983406.004.jpg

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PLoS One. 2017 Apr 27;12(4):e0175921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175921. eCollection 2017.
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Time Outdoors at Specific Ages During Early Childhood and the Risk of Incident Myopia.幼儿期特定年龄段的户外活动时间与近视发病风险
BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Mar 5;24(1):104. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03367-z.
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