Milner Allison, Page Andrew, Morrell Stephen, Hobbs Coletta, Carter Greg, Dudley Michael, Duflou Johan, Taylor Richard
Population Health Strategic Research Centre, School of Health & Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
McCaughey VicHealth Community Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne, Australia.
SSM Popul Health. 2015 Oct 9;1:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2015.09.001. eCollection 2015 Dec.
There is evidence that social isolation is a risk factor for suicide, and that social connections are protective. Only a limited number of studies have attempted to correlate the number of social connections a person has in their life and suicidal behaviour.
Two population-based case-control studies of young adults (18-34 years) were conducted in New South Wales, Australia. Cases included both suicides (=84) and attempts (=101). Living controls selected from the general population were matched to cases by age-group and sex. Social connections was the main exposure variable (representing the number of connections a person had in their life). Suicide and attempts as outcomes were modelled separately and in combination using conditional logistic regression modelling. The analysis was adjusted for marital status, socio-economic status, and diagnosis of an affective or anxiety disorder.
Following adjustment for other variables, those who had 3-4 social connections had 74% lower odds of suicide deaths or attempts (OR=0.26, 95% CI 0.08, 0.84, =0.025), and those with 5-6 connections had 89% lower odds of suicide deaths or attempts (OR=0.11 95% CI 0.03, 0.35, <0.001), compared to those with 0-2 social connections. With the number of social connection types specified as a continuous variable, the odds ratio was 0.39 per connection (95% CI 0.27, 0.56, <0.001).
A greater number of social connections was significantly associated with reduced odds of suicide or attempt. This suggests that suicide prevention initiatives that promote increased social connections at an individual, familial, and wider social levels might be effective.
有证据表明，社会隔离是自杀的一个风险因素，而社会联系具有保护作用。仅有有限的研究尝试将一个人一生中的社会联系数量与自杀行为关联起来。
在澳大利亚新南威尔士州开展了两项基于人群的针对年轻人（18 - 34岁）的病例对照研究。病例包括自杀者（=84例）和自杀未遂者（=101例）。从普通人群中选取的生活对照按年龄组和性别与病例进行匹配。社会联系是主要的暴露变量（代表一个人一生中的联系数量）。分别并综合使用条件逻辑回归模型对自杀和自杀未遂作为结局进行建模。分析对婚姻状况、社会经济地位以及情感或焦虑障碍的诊断进行了调整。
在对其他变量进行调整后，与那些有0 - 2个社会联系的人相比，有3 - 4个社会联系的人自杀死亡或自杀未遂的几率降低了74%（比值比=0.26，95%置信区间0.08，0.84，P = 0.025），有5 - 6个社会联系的人自杀死亡或自杀未遂的几率降低了89%（比值比=0.11，95%置信区间0.03，0.35，P<0.001）。将社会联系类型的数量指定为连续变量时，每个联系的比值比为0.39（95%置信区间0.27，0.56，P<0.001）。
更多的社会联系与自杀或自杀未遂几率的降低显著相关。这表明在个人、家庭和更广泛社会层面促进增加社会联系的自杀预防举措可能是有效的。
