Peteet John R
Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
J Relig Health. 2018 Apr;57(2):717-724. doi: 10.1007/s10943-018-0560-z.
Experiences of transcendence can promote growth, creativity and altruism, but often exist in tension with critical thought and can feature problematically in certain mental disorders. Identification of the core elements in the experience of transcendence-suspending disbelief, being moved or inspired, surrendering oneself and identifying within a larger context, can clarify its relationship to psychopathology, and the basis for a clinician's role. To help individuals engage transcendent resources well, clinicians can help patients recognize how depression and trauma may interfere with engagement, masochistic and magical tendencies may distort healthy self-surrender, and vulnerability to social pressure may interfere with mature identification with a larger context or community.
超越体验可以促进成长、创造力和利他主义，但它常常与批判性思维处于紧张关系中，并且在某些精神障碍中可能会出现问题。识别超越体验中的核心要素—— suspend disbelief（暂不怀疑）、被感动或启发、自我 surrendering oneself（交出）以及在更广阔的背景中认同自我，可以阐明其与精神病理学的关系，以及临床医生角色的基础。为了帮助个体更好地利用超越资源，临床医生可以帮助患者认识到抑郁和创伤可能如何干扰这种利用，受虐和神奇的倾向可能如何扭曲健康的自我交出，以及对社会压力的易感性可能如何干扰与更广阔背景或社区的成熟认同。 （注：suspend disbelief 、 surrendering oneself 这两个英文表述的准确中文意思较难精准翻译，这里保留英文以便读者理解原文语境）
